Microglial intervention in ischemic stroke:Roles and intervention strategies  

作　　者：Cuiling Ji Lixinbei Sheng Kaijun Han Ping Yuan Wei Li Lu Chen Yongyue Gao 

机构地区：[1]Department of Neurosurgery,Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital,Affiliated Hospital of Medical School,Nanjing University,Nanjing,Jiangsu Province,China

出　　处：《Neural Regeneration Research》2026年第2期443-454,共12页中国神经再生研究(英文版)

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,82471345(to LC);the Key Research and Development Program for Social Development by the Jiangsu Provincial Department of Science and Technology.No.BE2022668(to LC).

摘　　要：Ischemic stroke is a major cause of neurological deficits and high disability rate.As the primary immune cells of the central nervous system,microglia play dual roles in neuroinflammation and tissue repair following a stroke.Their dynamic activation and polarization states are key factors that influence the disease process and treatment outcomes.This review article investigates the role of microglia in ischemic stroke and explores potential intervention strategies.Microglia exhibit a dynamic functional state,transitioning between pro-inflammatory(M1)and anti-inflammatory(M2)phenotypes.This duality is crucial in ischemic stroke,as it maintains a balance between neuroinflammation and tissue repair.Activated microglia contribute to neuroinflammation through cytokine release and disruption of the blood-brain barrier,while simultaneously promoting tissue repair through anti-inflammatory responses and regeneration.Key pathways influencing microglial activation include Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor kappa B,mitogen-activated protein kinases,Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription,and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin pathways.These pathways are targets for various experimental therapies aimed at promoting M2 polarization and mitigating damage.Potential therapeutic agents include natural compounds found in drugs such as minocycline,as well as traditional Chinese medicines.Drugs that target these regulatory mechanisms,such as small molecule inhibitors and components of traditional Chinese medicines,along with emerging technologies such as single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics,offer new therapeutic strategies and clinical translational potential for ischemic stroke.

关 键 词：blood-brain barrier ischemic stroke MICROGLIA nerve regeneration NEUROINFLAMMATION NEUROPROTECTION oxidative stress polarization signaling pathways therapeutic strategies 

分 类 号：R743.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]