supported by Chinese National Scientific Fund (No.30972080 and 30771544);the National 863 Program of China (No.2006AA10Z197 and 2008AA101010);National Key Technology R&D Program (No.2006BAD01A10-5);the Project of Measurement of Genetic Distances Among Chinese Indigenous Bovine Breeds (Chinese Agricultural Finance Department [2002] No.9);Keystone Project of Transfergene in China (No.2009ZX08009-157B and 2008ZX08007-002);"13115" Sci-Tech Innovation Program of Shaanxi Province (No.2008ZDKG-11);Program of National Beef Cattle Industrial Technology System,Basic and Foreland Technology Study Program of Henan Province (No.072300430160);Natural Science Foundation of Xuzhou Normal University (No.2003XY234)
The domestication of cattle fuelled the development of agricultural society in the history of human being. The evolution and genetic relationship of cattle can be elucidated by investigating the variation of mitochond...