the Malaysian Ministry of Higher Education(MOHE)for their support through the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme(FRGS/1/2021/ICT02/UMP/03/3)(UMPSA Reference:RDU 210117)。
Automatic voltage regulators(AVR)are designed to manipulate a synchronous generator’s voltage level automatically.Proportional integral derivative(PID)controllers are typically used in AVR systems to regulate voltage...
supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31401692,31901960,32272513,32001976);the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2019J01766,2023J011418,2020J05177);Fujian Provincial Science and Technology Key Project(2022NZ030014);External Cooperation Program of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences(DWHZ-2024-23);State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crop Opening Project(SKL2019005);Project of Fujian Provincial Department of Education(JAT190627)。
Avirulence effectors(Avrs),encoded by plant pathogens,can be recognized by plants harboring the corresponding resistance proteins,thereby initiating effector-triggered immunity(ETI).In susceptible plants,however,Avrs ...
Two novel improved variants of reptile search algorithm(RSA),RSA with opposition-based learning(ORSA)and hybrid ORSA with pattern search(ORSAPS),are proposed to determine the proportional,integral,and derivative(PID)c...