Glucocorticoids(GCs)are involved in the regulation of an animal's energetic state.Under stressful situations,they are part of the neuroendocrine response to cope with environmental challenges.Animals react to aversive...
Activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis liberates glucocorticoids, which provides an acute indication of an individual's response to stressors. The heritability of the stress response in wild ma...
Glucocorticoids play a key role in mediating stress responses in vertebrates. Corticosterone (CORT) is the main glucocorticoid produced in amphibians, birds, and reptiles, and regulates several metabolic functions. ...
We thank Michael Ferkin for the invitation to contribute to this volume. During the writing of this review, the authors have been supported in part by the Department of Biological Sciences of the University of Memphis.SJS and MAR have also received support from the National Science Foundation (IOS-0919899 to SJS).
A growing body of evidence from across taxa suggests that exposure to elevated levels of glucocorticoids during early development can have long-term effects upon physiological and behavioral phenotypes. Additionally, ...
JCW is grateful for grant number IOS-0750540 from the National Science Foundation and for support from the Endowed Professorship in Physiology, University of California, Davis. F.A. was supported by a Marie Curie Postdoctoral Fellowship (PolarClimStress) from the European Science Foundation. Current address for EA. is: Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chize', CNRS, Villiers en Bois 79360, France.
Severe environmental conditions affect organisms in two major ways. The environment may be predictably severe such as in deserts, polar and alpine regions, or individuals may be exposed to temporarily extreme conditio...
In the past decade there has been a profusion of studies highlighting covariation between individual differences in stress physiology and behavioural profiles, here called personalities. Such individual differences in...