略论儿童认知发展是阶段性和连续性的统一  

COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT:TOWARDS A COMBINED THEORY OF CONTINUITY AND STAGES

作　　者：方富熹[1] 方格[1] 刘范[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院心理研究所

出　　处：《心理学报》1988年第1期1-7,共7页Acta Psychologica Sinica

摘　　要：本文作者根据近年来在时间、速度、分类、数和运动等儿童认知发展领域所进行的一系列实验结果阐明了儿童认知发展是阶段性和连续性的统一的理论观点。This paper summarizes some results of investigation on the developmentof children's cognition of velocity, time, classification, space and so on,The results clarify the view of combining continuity theory with stagetheory. Four points are emphasized in this paper: (1) It is true, as Piaget has claimed, that the developmental process canbe divided into different stages in terms of quality, but the features cha-racterizing higher stages stem from the lower ones. Such features as fragi-lity and immaturity become evident after simplifying or reducing thedemands of the task or eliminating the interference of irrelevant variablesin performance. (2) Often there is a transitional period between a higher and a lowerstage, characterized by conflict between old cognitive factors and newones. Children benefit much from training during this period. (3) The pace of children's progress is not even within a cognitive do-main; the developmental curves remain flat or rise steeply at differenttimes. This offers clues for training at crucial ages. (4) The cognitive developmental processes in various domains are not-synchronous. It is a challenge to developmental psychologists to define cog-nitive developmental stages in correspondence with a wide variety of cog-nitive domains.

关 键 词：儿童认知发展 皮亚杰 学前儿童 图片 幼儿 连续性 思维 时间单位 认知能力 发展阶段 

分 类 号：B[哲学宗教]