汉语语词码相加效应的实验研究  

EFFECTS OF CODE ADDITIVITY OF CHINESE WORDS AND PHRASES

作　　者：喻柏林[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院心理研究所

出　　处：《心理学报》1986年第1期50-57,共8页Acta Psychologica Sinica

摘　　要：本实验在汉语双音合成词基础上,通过词与词之间在形码、音码和义码方面的关系,实现了一个以上的码的相加,从而证实汉语语词能为语词记忆的研究提供新的途径和适合需要的语词材料。 本实验结果发现,码的相加效应主要不反映在语词记忆的获得过程上,因为多个码与单一码的汉语语词材料都具有大致相等的获得水平,但在短时记忆的自发恢复和信息从短时记忆向长时记忆转换等现象上,已开始显露码的相加效应。在信息的长时保持和提取中,码的相加效应得到明显而有力的表现。而且,随着编码维量数的增加,其相加效应的优势也随之增加.因此可以认为,码的相加效应主要影响信息的长时保持和提取,而对信息的获得影响不大。此外,作为自变量的、被编码的词的维量数似乎与自由回忆下的系列位置曲线无关。On the basis of Chinese double-phonetic compound words, codeadditivity was carried out according to morphological, phonetic, andsemantic relationships of Chinese words, it was confirmed that Chinesewords and phrases can be used as suitable verbal materials and toprovide a new way for the research of verbal memory. The effects of code additivity is not mainly reflected in the processof acquirement of verbal memory, since verbal materials of both multiplecode and single code all possess approximately equal acquirement levels.However, effects of code additivity manifested both in spontaneousrecovery and in fransition from short-term memory to long-termmemory.It could be considered that the effects of code additivity mainlyinfluence longterm retention and retrieval of information, and not ofmuch influence to the acquirement of information. In addition, thenumber of encoded dimensions of words, as an independent variable,seems unrelated to the serial-position curve under free-recall.

关 键 词：短时记忆 系列位置曲线 相加效应 实验研究 提取过程 自由回忆 编码 汉语语词 长时记忆 维量 

分 类 号：B[哲学宗教]