动态瞬时高压作用对膳食纤维酶解速度的影响  

Effects of Dynamic Instantaneous High Pressure Treatment on the Enzymolysis Rate of Dietary Fiber

作　　者：万婕[1,2] 刘成梅[1,2] 蓝海军[1,2] 涂宗财[1,2] 刘伟[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南昌大学食品科学与技术国家重点实验室,江西南昌330047 [2]南昌大学中德食品工程中心,江西南昌330047

出　　处：《高压物理学报》2008年第4期439-444,共6页Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics

基　　金：国家自然基金(20766004);863重点项目(2007AA100403);食品科学与技术国家重点实验室目标导向资助项目(SKLF-MB-200808);教育部"长江学者和创新团队发展计划"(IRT0540);江西省学科带头人项目(050006)

摘　　要：对纤维素酶在动态瞬时高压处理后膳食纤维的酶解速度进行了研究。豆渣膳食纤维（DietaryFiber，DF）经微射流均质机的瞬时高压作用（Instantaneous HighPressure，IHP），在不同的压力以及同一压力的不同作用次数下产生不同粒径和密度，它们对应的酶解速度是不同的。纤维素酶水解膳食纤维产生纤维二糖和葡萄糖等还原糖，通过测定水解后还原糖的含量判断不同粒径和密度的膳食纤维的酶解速度。结果表明，在40～90MPa的压力范围内，物料粒径随压力的增大呈显著下降，物料密度随之增大，酶解速度增大，在90MPa的均质压力下物料粒径达到最小，为202．4nm；当压力继续增大时，物料因膨化作用，物料粒径呈增大趋势，但其密度开始减小，酶解速度继续增大，在140MPa的均质压力下物料密度达到最小，为1．027g／mL，此时酶解后还原糖含量最高，酶解速度最快。压力超过140MPa后，由于超微颗粒问的团聚，物料的密度和粒径均增大，酶解速度减小。在90MPa和140MPa下分别对物料进行多次的瞬时高压处理，发现随处理次数的增多，物料粒径增大，体系密度先减小后增大，酶解速度减小。The enzymolysis rates of cellulase on dietary fiber under dynamic instantaneous high pressure （IHP） were studied. Utilizing the Microfluidizer machinery as the carrier of Instantaneous High Pressure treatment to deal with dietary fiber from bean dregs,we got dietary fiber of different granularities and densities under different pressures and different times under the same pressure. The corresponding enzymolysis rates of cellulase on dietary fiber were different. The hydrolysates of cellulase on dietary fiber were of some reducing sugars, such as cellobiose and glucose. The enzymolysis rates could be estimated by measuring the contents of the reducing sugars in the dietary fiber of different granularities and densities. The results indicated that with the increase of the pressure in the range of 40-90 MPa, the granularities of the materials reduced drastically, the densities of the materials and the enzymolysis rates increased. And the granularity of the materials was in minimum of 202.4 nm; when the pressure went on increasing,the granularities of the materials tended to increase because of the occurrence of expanding in the system, but the densities started to decrease and the enzymolysis rates kept increasing. The density of the materials was in minimum of 1. 027 g/mL,the contents of the reducing sugars after enzyme hydrolysis was maximal at this time. When the pressure was higher than 140 MPa,the granularities and density of the materials increased,the enzymolysis rates decreased. It could be due to the reuniting of particles in the system. When the materials were treated separately with instantaneous high pressure between 90 MPa and 140 MPa for several times,the granularities of the materials increased with the increase of dealing times, the density decreased first and then increased,and the enzymolysis rates decreased.

关 键 词：膳食纤维 瞬时高压作用 粒度分布 密度 酶解速度 

分 类 号：TS205.9[轻工技术与工程—食品科学] O521.9[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]