中国谷物制品中重要镰刀菌毒素膳食暴露评估研究  

Dietary exposure assessment of some important Fusarium toxins in cereal-based products in China

作　　者：王伟[1] 邵兵[1,2] 朱江辉[1] 于红霞[1,3] 李凤琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所,北京100021 [2]北京市疾病预防控制中心 [3]山东大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《卫生研究》2010年第6期709-714,共6页Journal of Hygiene Research

基　　金：国家高科技研究计划(863)项目(No.2007AA10Z423);国家质检总局公益项目(No.200910278)

摘　　要：目的了解我国居民膳食暴露脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)、雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(NIV)和玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)水平。方法超高效液相色谱串联质谱法对2009年国产小麦粉和玉米制品中DON等10种镰刀菌毒素含量进行检测,结合小麦粉和玉米制品的膳食消费量,重点对我国居民膳食暴露DON、NIV和ZEN3种毒素进行点评估。结果 (1)在平均消费水平,仍有2.5%的成人和10%的儿童摄入DON的量超过每日耐受摄入量(TDI)。在P75消费水平,人群通过不同DON污染水平的小麦粉和玉米制品(成人:小麦粉P90,玉米制品P97.5;儿童:小麦粉P50,玉米制品P75)暴露DON的量分别为TDI的1.72和2.02倍(成人)、1.19和1.09倍(儿童);无论小麦粉还是玉米制品,在毒素平均水平,儿童高消费(P90、P97.5及P99)人群的DON暴露量均超过TDI,分别是TDI的1.81～3.17倍(小麦)及1.47～3.97倍(玉米);在一般消费模式和高毒素污染水平(P99)、消费量P75和毒素污染水平P97.5以及消费量和毒素污染水平均为P90及以上的情况下,成人通过玉米制品暴露ZEN的量超过TDI,在消费量P50、P75、P90、P97.5和P99模式下,分别有多于1%、2.5%、25%、25%和50%的儿童通过玉米制品暴露ZEN的量超过TDI。(2)由成人和儿童小麦粉高消费量(P90、P97.5及P99)计算的DON关注水平、由玉米制品高消费量(成人:P99,儿童:P97.5和P99)计算的DON和ZEN的关注水平均低于各自的平均污染水平。(3)无论成人还是儿童,对污染高水平DON(P97.5及P99,儿童还有P90)的小麦粉和玉米制品的最大安全摄入量均低于各自的平均膳食消费量。成人由玉米制品中ZEN高污染水平(P99)计算的最大安全摄入量、儿童由小麦粉和玉米制品中ZEN高污染水平(P97.5及P99)计算的最大安全摄入量均低于各自的平均膳食消费量。结论儿童对3种真菌毒素的膳食暴露量均高于成人,是膳食暴露DON、NIV和ZEN的高危人群。长期摄入DON、ZEN高污染水平的小麦粉和Objective To elucidate the dietary exposure of Chinese populations to deoxynivalenol（DON）,nivalenol（NIV） and zearalenone（ZEN）.Methods Ten Fusarium toxins including DON,NIV,ZEN in domestic wheat flour and corn-based products harvested and collected in 2009 were analyzed by UPLC-MS /MS.Dietary intake assessments of human exposure to DON,NIV and ZEN were carried out in combination of national food consumption data with toxin concentration data by deterministic estimate method.Results（1） There are 2.5% adults and 10% children with the dietary exposure to DON exceeding the tolerable daily intake（TDI） on the basis of the average food consumption.At the 75th percentile food consumption level,the dietary exposure of populations to DON was higher than its TDI,1.72 and 2.02 times（adults）as well as 1.19 and 1.09 times higher than TDI（children）,respectively,based on the higher DON exposure（adults：P90 for wheat flour and P97.5 for corn-based products,children：P50 for wheat flour and P75 for corn-based products）.At the average toxin concentration,children with the high consumption level（90th,97.5th and 99th percentile） of either wheat flour or corn-based products,the dietary exposure to DON exceed the TDI,1.81 to 3.17 times（wheat flour） and 1.47-3.97 times（corn-based products） higher than TDI,respectively.The dietary exposure of adults to ZEN exceed the TDI,based on the average food consumption data and higher ZEN level（P99）,the 75th consumption data combined with P97.5th toxin concentration,as well as 90th percentile of both food consumption data and ZEN concentration,respectively.There are 1%,2.5%,25%,25% and 50% populations of children exposed ZEN higher than TDI,respectively at the 50th,75th,90th,97.5th and 99th percentile of food consumption data.（2） The level of concern（LOC） of DON in wheat flour calculated with high consumption data（90th,97.5th and 99th percentile） for all populations as well as DON and ZEN in corn-based products calculated with high consum

关 键 词：谷物制品 脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇 玉米赤霉烯酮 雪腐镰刀菌烯醇 暴露评估 

分 类 号：R155.51[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]