家庭教养方式对10岁城市与流动超常儿童自我概念的影响  

On the Effect of Parenting Styles on Ten-year-old Urban or Migrant Gifted Children's Self-concept

作　　者：程黎[1] 王菲[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学特殊教育研究所,北京100875

出　　处：《中国特殊教育》2010年第12期36-42,共7页Chinese Journal of Special Education

摘　　要：选取10岁超常儿童共74名,其中城市超常儿童34名,流动超常儿童40名。采用问卷法,考察了两组超常儿童在自我概念和家庭教养方式上的差异,分析了家庭教养方式对超常儿童自我概念水平的影响,结果表明:(1)城市和流动超常儿童在自我概念上的差异主要表现在城市超常儿童的非学业自我概念要显著高于流动超常儿童。(2)在家庭教养方式方面,城市超常儿童在情感温暖理解这一维度上的得分明显地高于流动超常儿童,而在惩罚严厉、过分干涉、拒绝否认、过度保护这四个维度上的得分均低于流动超常儿童。(3)家庭教养方式中的情感温暖理解、过分保护和拒绝否认对超常儿童的自我概念总分有较好的预测作用。具体来说,家庭教养方式对学业自我概念和非学业自我概念的影响是不同的,家庭教养方式中的情感温暖理解对超常儿童的学业自我概念有较好的预测作用,而成长环境和家庭教养方式中的情感温暖因素对超常儿童的非学业自我概念有较好的预测作用。This study aims to explore the difference in the self-concept and the parenting styles between urban and migrant gifted children, and analyze the effect of the parenting styles on the self-concept of the gifted children, by using a questionnaire to test 74 ten-year-old gifted children, including 34 urban gifted children and 40 migrant gifted children. The results are as follows： （1） The main difference in the self-concept between the two groups of children is that the urban gifted children show a significantly higher level of non-academic self-concept than the migrant gifted children. （2） In terms of the parenting styles, the urban gifted children achieve significantly higher scores on emotional warmth understanding, but lower scores on serious punishment, excessive interference, rejection, and overprotection, than the migrant gifted children. （3） Emotional warmth understanding, excessive protection and rejection can be used to predict the total scorers of the self-concept of gifted children. Specifically, the parenting styles have different effects on the academic self-concept and the non-academic self-concept in that emotional warmth understanding can be used to predict the academic self-concept of gifted children, and the factors of emotional warmth, as well as the living environment, can be used to predict the non-academic self-concept of the gifted children.

关 键 词：超常儿童 自我概念 成长环境 家庭教养方式 

分 类 号：G763[文化科学—特殊教育学]