mTOR and the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells  

作　　者：Xinxin Xiang Jing Zhao Geyang Xu Yin Li Weizhen Zhang 

机构地区：[1]Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China [2]Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA

出　　处：《Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica》2011年第7期501-510,共10页生物化学与生物物理学报（英文版）

基　　金：This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （81030012, 30890043, 30971434, 30871194, 30821001 to W.Z., and 30700376, 30971085 to Y.L.）, the Major National Basic Research Program of China （2010CB912504 to W.Z.）, the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University to Y.L., the Beijing Natural Science Foundation （7112080 to Y.L.）.

摘　　要：The mammalian target of rapamycin （mTOR）, an evolutionarily conserved serine-threonine protein kinase, belongs to the phosphoinositide 3-kinase （PI3K）-related kinase family, which contains a lipid kinase-like domain within their C-terminal region. Recent studies have revealed that mTOR as a critical intracellular molecule can sense the extracellular energy status and regulate the cell growth and proliferation in a variety of cells and tissues. This review summarizes our current understand- ing about the effects of mTOR on cell differentiation and tissue development, with an emphasis on the lineage determination of mesenchymal stem cells, roTOR can promote adipogenesis in white adipocytes, brown adipocytes, and muscle satellite cells, while rapamycin inhibits the adipogenic function of mTOR. mTOR signaling may function to affect osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, however, rapamycin has been reported to either inhibit or promote osteogenesis. Although the precise mechanism remains unclear, mTOR is indispensable for myogenesis. Depending on the cell type, rapamycin has been reported to inhibit, promote, or have no effect on myogenesis.The mammalian target of rapamycin （mTOR）, an evolutionarily conserved serine-threonine protein kinase, belongs to the phosphoinositide 3-kinase （PI3K）-related kinase family, which contains a lipid kinase-like domain within their C-terminal region. Recent studies have revealed that mTOR as a critical intracellular molecule can sense the extracellular energy status and regulate the cell growth and proliferation in a variety of cells and tissues. This review summarizes our current understand- ing about the effects of mTOR on cell differentiation and tissue development, with an emphasis on the lineage determination of mesenchymal stem cells, roTOR can promote adipogenesis in white adipocytes, brown adipocytes, and muscle satellite cells, while rapamycin inhibits the adipogenic function of mTOR. mTOR signaling may function to affect osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, however, rapamycin has been reported to either inhibit or promote osteogenesis. Although the precise mechanism remains unclear, mTOR is indispensable for myogenesis. Depending on the cell type, rapamycin has been reported to inhibit, promote, or have no effect on myogenesis.

关 键 词：MTOR DIFFERENTIATION mesenchymal stemcells ADIPOGENESIS MYOGENESIS OSTEOGENESIS 

分 类 号：Q254[生物学—细胞生物学] S852.2[农业科学—基础兽医学]