赭曲霉毒素A生成转化及致毒机制的研究进展  

Research on the mechanism of biosynthesis,biotransformation and toxicity of ochratoxin A

作　　者：郝俊冉[1] 许文涛[1,2] 黄昆仑[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院,北京100083 [2]农业部转基因生物食用安全监督检验测试中心(北京),北京100083

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2012年第12期427-433,共7页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：国家社会公益性行业性科研专项(2008424083-2)

摘　　要：赭曲霉毒素A(Ochratoxin A,OTA)是由曲霉属(Aspergillus.sp)和青霉属(Penicillium.sp)真菌产生的一种次级代谢产物,它的生成受温度、水活度等的影响。检测食品及饲料中OTA含量的基本方法有薄层层析法、高效液相色谱法和酶联免疫吸附法。OTA因被认为与巴尔干半岛肾病有关而引起全球的关注,研究发现,OTA具有肾毒性、肝毒性、免疫毒性、基因毒性等,并且主要是通过促进膜的过氧化反应,抑制线粒体的呼吸作用和影响细胞信号传导通路中蛋白及关键因子的转录表达等来达到致毒效应。吸附、转化、降解是OTA脱毒的主要方式。本文就OTA的检测方法、生物合成、致毒机制和脱毒转化的相关研究进展进行了综述。As a secondary metabolite,ochratoxin A（OTA）was a mycotoxin produced by fungi of two genera：Aspergillus and Penicillium,and its production was influenced by temperature and water activity,etc.The basic methods for determination of ochratoxin A content in food or feed samples were Thin-layer chromatography（TLC）,High-performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）.OTA was first grabbed global attention and concern for the hazard and impact that might account for the ＂Balken Endemic Nephropathy＂（BEN）.Moreover,researches had shown that：OTA was nephrotoxic,hepatotoxic,immunotoxic and genetoxic mainly through promotion of membrane peroxidation,inhibition of mitochondrial respiration and affect on the expression of some important protein or transcription factors in the signal transduction,etc.The main means to detoxify OTA were adsorption,transformation and degradation.Here,some advances on the determination and the mechanism of biosynthesis,toxicity,detoxification and biotransformation of ochratoxin A had been reviewed.

关 键 词：赭曲霉毒素A 检测方法 生物合成 致毒机制 脱毒转化 

分 类 号：TS201.2[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]