啤酒花多糖的提取及脱蛋白工艺研究  

Extraction and protein removal of polysaccharides from hops

作　　者：乔茜茜[1] 祁英[1] 孙建忠[1] 刘玉梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆大学化学化工学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2012年第16期251-256,共6页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技支疆计划项目(200991247)

摘　　要：以超临界液态二氧化碳萃取后的啤酒花残渣为原料,采用正交实验和单因素实验,确定了啤酒花多糖的热水微波辅助萃取的最佳工艺条件:提取时间2h,料液比1∶10,提取温度90℃,微波功率750W作用时间12min;此条件下多糖提取率为2.76%。对得到的粗多糖,以蛋白脱除率和多糖保留率为指标,在比较Sevag法,盐酸-正丁醇法,三氯乙酸-正丁醇法,木瓜/菠萝蛋白酶法对粗多糖中蛋白质的脱除效果的基础上,考察了酶法和化学法联用脱蛋白工艺,并最终确定菠萝蛋白酶-三氯乙酸-正丁醇的脱蛋白效果最好,最佳条件为温度45℃,酶解时间0.5h,酶添加量22.5U/mL,pH5.5,三氯乙酸-正丁醇法除蛋白1次,蛋白脱除率和多糖保留率分别为86.77%和77.37%;而木瓜蛋白酶-盐酸-正丁醇的脱蛋白工艺在有效脱除蛋白质的同时,多糖损失最少,最佳条件为温度55℃,酶解时间0.5h,酶添加量36U/mL,pH5.5,盐酸-正丁醇法除蛋白1次,蛋白脱除率和多糖保留率分别为77.37%和84.43%。The hops were pre-processed which use supercritical carbon dioxide extraction as samples. The optimal extraction processing parameters were investigated by orthogonal experiments combined with single factor experiments. The best technological conditions for hot distilled water extraction by microwave-assisted was extraction time of 2h, ratio of solid-liquid 1：10,extraction temperature of 90% and 750W of microwave power for 12min,and the yield of polysaccharides from hops was up to 2.76% under this condition. Protein removal rate and polysaccharide retention rate were used to evaluate and compare the effectiveness for several methods, namely Savage method, hydrochloric acid-n-butanol ,trichloroacetic acid （TCA）-n-butanol, papain/bromelain method. Based on the investigation,the combinatorial method between enzymatic hydrolysis and chemical method was used to evaluate the technical of deproteinization. Bromelain-TCA-n-butanol was found to be the best method for the deproteinization of hop crude polysaccharides. The optimal operating conditions of Bromelain-trichloroacetic acid（TCA）-n-butanol method were temperature 45~C,hydrolysis time 0.Sh,substrate concentration 22.5U/mL of bromelain and pH5.5 followed by once treatment with trichloroacetic acid（TCA）-n-butanol method,the amount of protein removed was 86.77% while polysaccharide remained 77.37% during the deproteinization process. But compared with the loss rate of polysaccharide,the papain- hydrochloric acid-n-butanol method was better. The optimal operating conditions of papain-hydrochloric acid-n-butanol method were temperature 55~C ,hydrolysis time 0.5h,substrate concentration 36U/mL of bromelain and pH5.5 followed by once treatment with hydrochloric acid-n-butanol method,the amount of protein removed was 77.37% while polysaccharide remained 84.43% during the deproteinization process.

关 键 词：啤酒花 多糖 提取 脱蛋白 

分 类 号：TS261[轻工技术与工程—发酵工程]