酶法制备鮟鱇鱼骨超微钙粉的研究  

Studies on the processing of ultramicro calcium powder from goosefish(Lophius litulon) bones by enzymatic hydrolysis

作　　者：余海霞[1] 余娟 黄鹤勇 杨水兵[1] 杨志坚[1] 胡亚芹[1,3] 胡庆兰[1,3] 任西营[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学舟山海洋研究中心,浙江舟山316021 [2]中国水产舟山海洋渔业公司,浙江舟山316021 [3]浙江大学生工食品学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《水产学报》2012年第12期1917-1923,共7页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD38B09);浙江省重大科技专项(2011C11016)

摘　　要：为有效开发利用鮟鱇鱼骨下脚料,实验采用酶解和超微粉碎技术从鱼骨中制备鱼骨超微钙粉,并对鮟鱇鱼骨超微钙粉进行生物利用率研究。结果显示,采用碱性蛋白酶净化鱼骨的优化条件为酶解温度50℃,酶解时间2.5 h,pH 11.0,用酶量1 300 U/g,此时的净化脱除率为33.8%;经100 min粉碎后的超微钙粉粒度分布较窄,平均粒径达到最小,为626.9 nm;动物实验结果表明,鮟鱇鱼骨超微钙粉的生物利用率较高,经100 min粉碎后的超微钙粉组的钙吸收率为79.3%～83.5%,明显高于对照的碳酸钙组。最优条件下制备的鱼骨超微钙粉色泽洁白,颗粒均匀细腻,无异味,钙含量达29.5%。研究表明,鮟鱇鱼骨超微钙粉是一种优质、安全、利用率极高的钙补充制剂。Calcium plays an important role in human health.Lack of calcium intake causes many kinds of diseases,especially osteoporosis.Animal bone provides an important way of obtaining calcium.Fishbone is a kind of natural calcium resource,and it has the merits of high absorbability and low side effects on human.Till now,most of researches on utilization of fishbone have focused on the preparation of calcium tablet from seawater fish,such as haddock,using acid or alkali method.Ultrafine comminution technology is widely used in food processing to make ultrafine powder,and is given more attention nowadays.The ultrafine powder has many particular characteristics,such as increasing the utilization rate of materials,improving performances and the quality of products.Absorption of ultra-micro calcium powder with rich nutrition improved with smaller average particle size.Increasing processing of goosefish（Lophius litulon） is associated with a large amount of waste fish bone and fish head,which will cause environment pollution and resource waste as well.How to utilize this kind of calcium source efficiently is now one of the focuses in the field of fish processing.Nevertheless,no research on goosefish bone using ultrafine comminution technology has been found yet.In this study,ultramicro calcium powders were prepared from goosefish bone by enzymatic hydrolysis followed by ultrafine comminution technique,and the bioavailability of the obtained bone powder was investigated as well.The results showed that the removal rate achieved 33.8% under the optimum purification conditions of goosefish bone hydrolized by 1300 U/g alkaline protease at temperature of 50℃,for 2.5 h.Particle size distribution of calcium powders by superfine comminution for 100min was narrow,and the average particle size reached the minimum of 626.9 nm.The results of animal experiments showed that the bioavailability of ultramicro calcium powders of goosefish bone was much higher,and ultramicro calcium powders by superfine comminution for 100min exhibited calc

关 键 词：鮟鱇 鱼骨 超微钙粉 酶解 生物利用率 

分 类 号：TS254.9[轻工技术与工程—水产品加工及贮藏工程]