地震波频谱特性对高速列车动态脱轨行为的影响  

EFFECT OF SPECTRUM CHARACTERISTICS OF SEISMIC WAVE ON DERAILMENT OF HIGH-SPEED TRAIN

作　　者：凌亮[1] 肖新标[1] 吴磊[1] 金学松[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,成都610031

出　　处：《工程力学》2013年第1期384-393,431,共11页Engineering Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U1134202);科技部国家973计划项目(2011CB711103);科技部863研究计划项目(2009BAG12A01-B02-2);四川省应用基础研究项目(2010JY0070)

摘　　要：为研究地震下高速列车的动态响应及地震波频谱特性对车辆动态脱轨行为的影响,发展了一种地震激励下车辆/轨道耦合动力学数值模型,车辆模型被简化为考虑悬挂非线性特性的35自由度多刚体系统,板式轨道被视为由钢轨、扣件系统、轨道板及CA砂浆层组成的弹性支承结构,钢轨被视为连续弹性离散点支承基础上的Timoshenko梁,轨道板用三维实体有限元模拟。采用移动轨下支承模型分析离散的轨枕支承对系统动力响应的影响,地震波被简化为周期性的横向正弦波加入计算模型中。基于仿真计算,对地震情况下高速列车的动力响应进行了详细分析,并重点分析了地震波频谱特性对高速车辆动态脱轨机理的影响。分析结果表明:地震波的频谱特性对车辆的动态响应、脱轨机理及车辆的运行安全有着重要的影响。In order to investigate the dynamic responses of a high-speed train under earthquake and the effect of spectrum characteristics of seismic wave on high-speed railway vehicle derailment, a coupling vehicle/track dynamic model with an earthquake excitation is put forward, in which the vehicle is modelled as a 35 DOF multi-body system with nonlinear suspension characteristic and the slab track is modelled as a discrete elastic support model, which consists of rails fasteners, track slabs and a Cement Asphalt Mortar layer. Rails are assumed to be Timoshenko beams supported by discrete rail fasteners, and the slabs are modelled as solid finite elements. A moving track support model is used to simulate the effect of the periodical discrete track supports on the vehicle/track interaction, and the earthquake motions are simplified as cyclic lateral sine waves for the boundary input of the coupling vehicle-track system. The detailed numerical simulation makes an investigation into the dynamic behaviour of a high-speed railway vehicle excited by the earthquake excitation, and focuses on analyzing the effect of seismic wave spectrum on derailment mechanism of a high-speed vehicle. Through the numerical analysis, it is found that the spectrum characteristics of seismic wave have a great effect on the dynamic responses and derailment mechanism, also the operation safety of a high-speed railway vehicle.

关 键 词：高速列车 轨道 地震 脱轨 耦合动力学 

分 类 号：U211.9[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U270.11[机械工程—车辆工程]