顶空固相微萃取与气相色谱-质谱联用分析白鲢鱼体中的挥发性成分  

Analysis of Volatiles in Silver Carp by Headspace Solid Phase Microextraction Coupled with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

作　　者：杨玉平[1,2] 熊光权[1] 焦春海[3] 程薇[1] 耿胜荣[1] 李新[1] 李小定[4] 吴文锦[1] 林若泰[1] 廖涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省农业科学院农产品加工与核农技术研究所/湖北省农产品辐照工程技术中心,武汉430064 [2]武汉市食品药品检验所,武汉430012 [3]湖北省农业科学院科技管理处,武汉430064 [4]华中农业大学食品科技学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2012年第21期4876-4879,4959,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技部国际重点合作项目(2007DFA31220);国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD28BO6)

摘　　要：采用顶空固相微萃取(Headspace solid phase micro-extraction,HS-SPME)和气相色谱-质谱(Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS)联用分析白鲢鱼体中的挥发性成分。以鱼体风味成分中含量较多的物质(己醛、庚醛、苯甲醛、1-辛烯-3-醇、辛醛、壬醛、癸醛、2,4-庚二烯醛、2,4-癸二烯醛等)为参照对象,探讨和摸索了HS-SPME的最佳萃取条件:萃取头CAR/DVB/PDMS、萃取温度60℃、萃取时间50 min、鱼肉和饱和食盐水的质量体积比为3∶7、解吸时间5 min。利用优化的HS-SPME萃取条件下分别萃取了鱼鳃、鱼鳞、内脏和鱼肉中的挥发性成分,然后经气相色谱-质谱联用仪检测。结果表明HS-SPME能有效地萃取白鲢鱼体中的挥发性成分,其中鱼鳃中检测出的挥发性成分较多,共检测出63种,其次为内脏、鱼鳞和鱼肉,分别检测出48种、44种和42种,这些挥发性成分大多是一些饱和的羰基化合物和醇类物质。The method for determination of volatiles using headspace solid phase microextraction（HS-SPME） and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS） was developed.The extraction conditions were optimized with reference to these volatiles as hexanal,heptanal,benzaldehyde,1-octen-3-ol,octanal,nonanal,decenal,2,4-heptadienal and 2,4-decadienal,and the optimized conditions of HS-SPME for volatiles in silver carp were as follows： divinyl benzene/carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane（DVB/CAR/PDMS） fiber,extration time（50 min）,extraction temperature（60 ℃）,the ratios of fish and saturated salt water（3∶7,m/V）,desorption time（5 min）.The volatiles in gills,viscera,scales and surimis of silver carp were detected using HS-SPME coupled with GC-MS.The results showed that the methods of HS-SPME were effective in extracting volatiles in silver carp.The types of volatiles in the gills were more than other tissues and the number of volatiles was 63,and the number of volatiles in viscera,scales and surimis was 48,44 and 42 respectively.These components of volatiles were mainly composed of saturated carbonyl compounds and alcohols,but unsaturated volatiles including aldehydes and enols contributed to the fishy off-odor.

关 键 词：顶空固相微萃取 气质联用仪 白鲢鱼 挥发性成分 

分 类 号：S912[农业科学—水产科学] O657.63[理学—分析化学]