重载列车纵向冲动分布试验研究  

Test Study on the Longitudinal Impulse Distribution of Heavy Haul Train

作　　者：徐倩[1] 王悦明[1] 倪纯双[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院机车车辆研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2013年第4期77-83,共7页China Railway Science

基　　金：铁道部科技研究开发计划重点项目(2006J012)

摘　　要：通过1万t和2万t重载列车的运行试验,得到重载列车在不同的货车和机车编组方式、线路工况、机车牵引特性、操纵方式、制动以及车钩间隙等各种试验工况下的试验数据,并根据试验数据分析列车中不同位置货车的车钩力以及车体纵向加速度值的分布规律。分析结果表明:重载列车制动时的车钩力最大值均出现在制动开始缓解至缓解完毕的过程中;采用1+1编组方式的1万t重载列车在长大下坡道制动时的车钩力均大于平直道时;而采用1+1编组方式的2万t重载列车在长大下坡道制动时的车钩力均小于平直道时。货车在列车中所处的编组位置不同,其车体纵向冲动也不同;车钩间隙减少2/3,则车钩力可降低近1倍。主从控机车通讯及时可靠也是使不同位置的货车车钩受力分布均匀和减小列车中车体纵向冲动的重要措施。Through the running tests of 10 000 t and 20 000 t heavy haul trains, the test data under various test conditions of heavy haul trains, such as different forms of wagons and locomotive formations, line conditions, locomotive traction characteristics, operation modes, braking and coupler clearance, were obtained. According to which, the distribution laws of coupler force and longitudinal acceleration of carbody at different positions of freight train were analyzed. The results show that, all the maximum coupler force values under braking condition of heavy haul train appear in the releasing period. The coupler force on long down grade is greater than that on the straight line for 10 000 t heavy haul train with 1＋ 1 formation. However, the result is on the contrary for 20 000 t heavy haul train with 1＋1 formation. Different longitudinal impulses of the carbody are due to the different positions of freight car in train formation. The value of coupler force can be reduced nearly one time if the coupler clearance is reduced 2/3. The timely and reliable communications of master and slave control locomotives are also the important measures for the even distribution of the coupler force at different positions and reducing the longitudinal impulse of carbody.

关 键 词：重载列车 车钩力 纵向加速度 车体纵向冲动 机车操纵 编组方式 

分 类 号：U292.921[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理] U260.11[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]