中华绒螯蟹不同部位挥发性物质的研究  

Volatile Substances in Different Parts of Female Eriocheir sinensis

作　　者：蔺佳良[1] 繆芳芳 蔡江佳[1] 周君[1] 李晔[1] 王春琳[1] 张迪骏[1] 童茜茜[1] 黄健[2] 苏秀榕[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学海洋学院,浙江宁波315211 [2]北京普析通用仪器有限责任公司,北京101200

出　　处：《核农学报》2014年第2期259-269,共11页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"863"计划(2012AA10A409);宁波市重点创新团队(2011B81003)

摘　　要：本文旨在探明收获季节的中华绒螯蟹雌蟹不同部位在不同温度下挥发性物质的变化,并为加工提供参考。运用电子鼻和顶空固相微萃取-气质联用仪(HS-SPME-GC-MS)对挥发性物质变化进行检测和分析。电子鼻能够灵敏的检测加热前后气味的变化,新鲜雌蟹在加热到100℃和150℃气味发生明显变化,最终利用GC-MS从新鲜、100℃和150℃雌蟹的不同部分中鉴定出101种、130种和113种挥发性物质,主要有醇类、酮类、醛类、酚类、酯类、碳氢类等化合物。新鲜雌蟹土腥气味较重,主要是三甲胺等物质引起;100℃雌蟹呈现出浓郁香气,主要是壬醛、6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮等化合物引起;150℃雌蟹会表现出烤香味,是由2,5-二甲基吡嗪、2-乙酰基吡咯等引起。雌蟹在加热前后挥发性物质变化较大,电子鼻与HS-SPME-GC-MS结合使用后可以分析不同加热温度下雌蟹不同部位挥发性物质的变化。The goal of this study was to examine the volatile substances in the different parts of female Eriocheir sinensis in harvest season and to access how these change with temperature fluctuations. This data will provide guidance for processing. Electronic nose and headspace solid-phase microextraetion - gas chromatography - mass spectrometry （ HS- SPME-GC-MS） were used to detect and analyze changes in the volatile substances. The results showed that the electronic nose could detect changes in aroma before and after heating with high sensitivity. The smell of fresh female crab changed notably when heated to 100~C and 150~C. Using GC-MS, 101, 130 and 113 volatile substanees were identified in fresh female crabs, female crabs heated to 100~C and female crabs heated to 150~C. Among these, the majority of the volatile components were compounds such as alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, phenols, esters and hydrocarbon. Fresh female crab has special smelling of fish, This is mainly caused by trimethylamine and other substances; At 100~C, female crab sent out rich aroma, mainly attributed to aldehydes and ketones such as nonanal and 6 -methyl -5 -heptene -2 -one. Finally, at 150~C, female crab presented a grilled smell, mainly attributed to furans and pyrazines such as 2,5 - dimethyl pyrazine and 2 - acetyl pyrrole. The volatiles of female crab different parts were changed a lot after heating, electronic nose and HS-SPME-GC-MS can analysis the volatile substances changes of the female crab at different heating temperatures.

关 键 词：中华绒螯蟹雌蟹 挥发性成分 电子鼻 顶空固相微萃取-气质联用 

分 类 号：S966.16[农业科学—水产养殖]