巨大口蘑和双孢蘑菇采后生理特性的比较研究  

Comparative study of post-harvest physiology characteristics between Tricholoma giganteum and Agaricus bisporus

作　　者：倪焱[1] 马紫英[1] 夏斌[2] 周伟坚[1] 魏要武[1] 聂健[1] 莫美华[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学食品学院,广东广州51064 [2]华南农业大学科技处,广东广州510642

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2014年第24期317-321,365,共6页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31272218);国家星火计划项目(2012GA780042;2013GA780040);广东省省部产学研项目(2012B091100302);广东省农业科技推广专项(201201138);广州市花都区科技计划项目花都区产学研结合专项(HD13CXY-010)

摘　　要：实验测定了在12℃,相对湿度95%的贮藏条件下,巨大口蘑和双孢蘑菇的贮藏品质和各项生理指标。结果显示:巨大口蘑为非跃变型果实,贮藏期内表现出极好的耐贮藏性,含水量的变化、失重率、硬度变化、呼吸强度、膜透性、丙二醛含量都明显低于双孢蘑菇,可溶性固形物和维生素C的含量明显高于双孢蘑菇。巨大口蘑超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性在贮藏后期显著高于双孢蘑菇,并在第6d达到最大值,为双孢蘑菇的1.82倍,过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性从第2d起显著高于双孢蘑菇,而过氧化物酶(POD)的活性在整个贮藏过程中都低于双孢蘑菇,尤其在贮藏后期表现为伤害作用时,双孢蘑菇POD的活性上升,对双孢蘑菇的伤害效应更大。据此认为,巨大口蘑耐贮藏,是由于维生素C、SOD、CAT和POD此类抗氧化物质的协同作用,能更好的清除活性氧自由基,延缓了膜脂的过氧化速度。Tricholoma giganteum and Agaricus bisporus were keeping at 15℃ and 12% and humidity of 95%. Storage quality and physiological indexes of them were investigated. The results showed that=Tricholoma giganteum was non-climacteric fruit. It had a better storage quality during storage period. It＇s the change of moisture content,weight loss rate,the change of hardness,respiration rate,permeability and malondialdehyde content was higher than Agaricus bisporus. However, Tricholoma giganteum had higher soluble solids and vitamin C content. The activity of superoxide dismutase （SOD） of Tricholoma giganteum was higher than Agaricus bisporus in after storage. At 6d,the activity of SOD had highest activity of the entire storage period and was 1.82 times than Agaricus bisporus. 2d after storage,the activity of catalase（CAT） was higher than Agaricus bisporus. The activity of peroxidase（POD） was higher than Agaricus bisporus in whole storage time. Especially when POD had injurious actions in after storage,the activity of POD of Agaricus bisporus increased, which lead to great harm effects of Agaricus bisporus. It was concluded that Tricholoma giganteum was anti- browning and storable. Owing to vitamin C,SQD,POD and POD were good at scavenging active oxygen,then delayed the lipid peroxidation speed.

关 键 词：巨大口蘑 双孢蘑菇 采后生理 

分 类 号：TS201.2[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]