洞庭湖水域淡水鱼类脂肪酸含量研究  

Fatty acids concentration of edible freshwater fish from Dongting Lake

作　　者：高颐雄[1,2] 张红霞 胡余明[4] 李梓民[4] 尚晓虹[1] 赵云峰[1] 吴永宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家食品安全风险评估中心卫生部食品安全风险评估重点实验室,北京100021 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所,北京100050 [3]石泉县妇幼保健院,陕西石泉725200 [4]湖南省疾病预防控制中心,湖南长沙410005

出　　处：《中国食品卫生杂志》2015年第1期6-9,共4页Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81172675)

摘　　要：目的分析洞庭湖水域出产的常见可食用淡水鱼多种主要脂肪酸的含量。方法于洞庭湖水域采集当地常见可食用淡水鱼（每种3~4份样品）,提取总脂后以气相色谱法分析其各种脂肪酸含量。结果共采集12种淡水鱼类,其总脂含量占可食部范围为1.14%（鳙鱼）~7.55%（黄颡鱼）,绝大多数鱼种含量最多的饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸、n-6和n-3多不饱和脂肪酸分别为棕榈酸、油酸、亚油酸和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）。DHA含量（mg/100 g可食部）均值范围为19.7（鳝鱼）~358.4（长吻鮠）。二十碳五烯酸（EPA）（r=0.523,P〈0.000 1）、二十二碳五烯酸（r=0.462,P=0.000 3）和DHA（r=0.576,P〈0.000 1）含量分别与总脂含量相关。结论洞庭湖水域常见淡水鱼脂含量及脂肪酸含量具有明显种属差异性,部分鱼种可以作为EPA和DHA的良好膳食来源而被推荐。Objective To analyze the concentrations of main fatty acids of edible freshwater fish from Dongting Lake.Methods Samples of edible freshwater fish（ 3-4 samples of each species） were collected from Dongting Lake. Total lipids were extracted and fatty acids were separated and quantified by gas chromatographic. Results Twelve species were collected. The mean contents of total lipids（ in from of g /100 g edible part） ranged from 1. 14（ Hypophthalmichthys nobilis） to 7. 55（ Pelteobagrus fulvidraco）. The main saturated,monounsaturated,n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in edible part of majority of species were C16 ∶ 0,C18 ∶ 1n9,C18 ∶ 2n6 and C22 ∶ 6n3（ DHA）,respectively. The mean concentrations of DHA（ in from of mg /100 g edible part） ranged from 19. 7（ Monopterus albus） to 358. 4（ Leiocassis longirostris）. Concentrations of C20 ∶ 5n3,C22 ∶ 5n3 and DHA was positively correlated with contents of total lipids in edible part,respectively. Conclusion There are significant differences of total lipids contents and of specific fatty acids concentrations among species. Some studied species would be good dietary sources of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.

关 键 词：N-3多不饱和脂肪酸 二十二碳六烯酸 洞庭湖 淡水鱼 鱼 脂肪酸 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]