中国食品安全事件空间分布特点与变化趋势  

Spatial Distribution and Changing Trend of Food Safety Incidents in China

作　　者：李清光[1,2] 李勇强 牛亮云[4] 吴林海[1,2] 洪巍[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]江南大学江苏省食品安全研究基地(商学院),中国江苏无锡214122 [2]食品安全与营养协同创新中心,中国江苏无锡214122 [3]广西壮族自治区食品药品监管局,中国广西南宁530029 [4]北京交通大学经济管理学院,中国北京100044

出　　处：《经济地理》2016年第3期9-16,共8页Economic Geography

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(14ZDA069);江苏省博士后科研资助项目(1402074C);江南大学自主科研计划重点项目(2015JDZD01)

摘　　要：筛选了"掷出窗外"网站数据库中我国在2005—2014年间发生的有明确时空定位的2 617起食品安全事件,以省区为基本单元,描述并聚类分析食品安全事件的区域分布特点,测算了食品安全事件空间重心分布、移动距离与集中度,据此绘制中国大陆食品安全事件分布地图,分析了食品安全事件集中度较高地区随时间变化的空间转移趋势。研究发现,发生的安全事件所涉及的食品主要种类存在着地区的差异性,可根据各省区食品安全事件中食品种类的结构性差异实现区域划分,不同食品种类所发生的安全事件的空间重心分布和移动趋势并不相同,食品安全事件集中度较高的地区大多集中东南沿海省区,并呈现由东南沿海向中部地区扩散趋势,传播中相邻地块影响较大,横纵交替传播的轨迹较为明显。故此,中国食品安全事件具有地域性分布的特点,应针对不同地区、不同食品种类治理食品安全风险,建立食品安全风险相似地区的治理经验交流和风险预警机制。This paper is aimed to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics and changing trend of food safety incidents in 31 provincial administrative regions in China, and assess the space- time characteristics of distribution of China＇s food safety risk issues, which are the foundation and prerequisite to govern Chinese food safety risk effectively. It selects 2617 food safety incidents which have clear temporal locations happened between 2005 and 2014 in China in the ＂throw out the window＂ website database. These incident set the provincial administrative regions as the smallest unit,describe and analyze clustered the regional distribution characteristics of food safety incidents, calculate the spatial distribution of the center of gravity, the moving distance and concentration of food safety incidents. Furthermore, draw the China＇s food safety risk distribution map of food safety incidents, and analyze the space transfer trend of food safety riskier area changing by time. The study finds that food safety incidents involved kinds of food have regional differences,which implement the regional division by the structural differences between the types of food safety incidents. The food safety incidents＇ space weight distributions and movement tendencies of different kinds of food is different. Food safety risks are highly focused in Southeast coast, presenting the spread tendency trickled down from southeast coast, weighting heavily in adjacent plots, and longitudinal alternating propagation phenomenon is obvious. Therefore, Chinese food safety incidents have the characteristics of geographical distribution. According to different regions and different kinds of governing food safety risk, it should establish governance experience exchange and risk early warning mechanism of food safety risk in the similar areas.

关 键 词：食品安全事件 空间分布 变化趋势 食品安全风险 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]