金鲳鱼内脏脂肪酶的初步纯化及鱼皮酶法脱脂的工艺优化  

Partial purification of lipase from golden pompano viscera and optimization of enzymatic degreasing of tilapia skin

作　　者：刘洪霞 夏光华[1] 李川[1] 张培[1] 申铉日[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]海南大学食品学院,海南海口570228 [2]海南大学热带生物资源教育部重点实验室,海南海口570228

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2017年第20期98-104,共7页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：海南省自然基金(317038);海南省重点研发计划(ZDYF2017104);海南省科协青年科技英才学术创新计划项目(HAST201624);海南大学科研启动基金项目(KYQD1609)

摘　　要：以金鲳鱼内脏为原料,采用磷酸盐缓冲液提取,硫酸铵分级沉淀的方法,初步纯化得到内脏粗脂肪酶;分别探讨了不同反应温度和p H对上述粗脂肪酶活力的影响;研究了酶在罗非鱼皮脱脂中的应用,并通过单因素实验和响应面实验优化了鱼皮酶法脱脂工艺。结果表明,经硫酸铵分级沉淀后,金鲳鱼内脏粗脂肪酶的比活力达12.60 U/mg,纯化倍数为6.06,纯度达81.65%;其最适温度为45℃,最适p H为8.0,在0~50℃及p H6.0~11.0的范围内酶活力较稳定。金鲳鱼内脏粗脂肪酶对罗非鱼皮脱脂实验结果表明,在酶添加量90 U/g,p H7.5,温度37℃,作用时间60 min的条件下,罗非鱼皮脱脂率达67.02%±1.61%,说明粗脂肪酶能在温和条件下有效脱除鱼皮脂肪。本研究为金鲳鱼加工废弃物的高值化利用提供了一定的理论依据。The visceral crude lipase was extracted in phosphate buffer saline and partially purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation.The effects of different reaction temperature and p H on crude enzyme activity and stability were studied. In the application of tilapia skin degreasing,the single factor test and response surface test were used to optimize the fish skin enzymatic degreasing process. Experimental results showed that the specific activity,purification factor and purity after（ NH4）2SO4precipitation reached 12.60 U/mg,6.06 and 81.65%,respectively. The optimum temperature and p H was 45 ℃and 8.0,respectively.The crude lipase was relatively stable between 0-50 ℃ and in the p H range of 6.0-11.0.Additionally,the crude lipase was found to be effective in degreasing of tilapia skin. The results showed that the degreasing rate of tilapia skin reached 67.02% ± 1.61% under the conditions of enzyme addition of 90 U/g,p H value of 7.5,temperature of 37 ℃ for60 min,indicating that the crude lipase could be effective in the removal of fish skin fat in mild conditions. The results offer experimental basis and theoretical reference and practical foundation for further study of the high value utilization of golden pompano processed waste.

关 键 词：金鲳鱼 内脏 脂肪酶 酶法脱脂 

分 类 号：TS254.9[轻工技术与工程—水产品加工及贮藏工程]