牡丹籽油和亚麻籽油化学组成分析与比较  

Analysis and comparison of chemical composition in peony seed oil and flaxseed oil

作　　者：张东[1] 薛雅琳[1] 段章群[1] 李秀娟[1] 朱琳[1] 柴杰[2] 方晓璞 

机构地区：[1]国家粮食局科学研究院,北京100037 [2]江南大学食品学院,江苏无锡214122 [3]西安中粮工程研究设计院有限公司,西安710082

出　　处：《中国油脂》2017年第10期34-38,共5页China Oils and Fats

基　　金：粮食公益性行业科研专项(201313006-3)

摘　　要：牡丹籽油和亚麻籽油均属于亚麻酸型油脂。分析比较了牡丹籽油和亚麻籽油脂肪酸组成、甘油三酯组成、生育酚、角鲨烯以及甾醇等化学组成。结果表明:牡丹籽油主要脂肪酸为亚麻酸(45.41%~45.92%),其次为亚油酸和油酸,分别占23.72%~26.34%、20.32%~23.20%;亚麻籽油主要脂肪酸为亚麻酸(54.93%)、油酸(19.92%)以及亚油酸(16.26%);牡丹籽油占主要组分的甘油三酯均为LLLn+OLn Ln、LLL+OLLn与LLn Ln,其含量分别为21.37%~21.67%、14.88%~15.44%以及13.56%~14.98%;Ln Ln Ln(23.10%)、LLLn+OLn Ln(18.44%)与LLn Ln(13.41%)是亚麻籽油的主要甘油三酯;牡丹籽油及亚麻籽油均以γ-生育酚为主;牡丹籽油γ-生育酚含量为823.61~963.17 mg/kg,而亚麻籽油的仅为487.75 mg/kg;牡丹籽油角鲨烯含量为28.60~62.66 mg/kg,而亚麻籽油的仅为18.00 mg/kg。安徽及山东产凤丹牡丹籽油甾醇总量最高,超过了4 600 mg/kg,而亚麻籽油甾醇总量为3 269.49 mg/kg;牡丹籽油主要甾醇组分为谷甾醇,占甾醇总量的55.50%~62.17%,其次为Δ5-燕麦甾烯醇(25.28%~28.01%);同样,谷甾醇是亚麻籽油中含量最高的甾醇组分,占甾醇总量的52.59%,其次为24-亚甲基胆甾醇+芸薹甾醇以及Δ5-燕麦甾烯醇。Peony seed oil and flaxseed oil belong to linolenic acid type oil. The chemical compositions of peony seed oil and flaxseed oil such as fatty acid composition,triglyceride profile,tocopherol,squalene and sterol were investigated. The results showed that the predominant fatty acid in peony seed oil was linolenic acid（ 45. 41%-45. 92%）,followed by linoleic acid and oleic acid with contents of 23. 72%-26. 34% and 20. 32%-23. 20%,respectively. Linolenic acid（ 54. 93%）,oleic acid（ 19. 92%） and linoleic acid（ 16. 26%） were the main fatty acids in flaxseed oil. The major triglycerides in peony seed oil were LLLn ＋ OLn Ln,LLL ＋ OLLn and LLn Ln,and their contents were 21. 37%-21. 67%,14. 88%-15. 44% and 13. 56%-14. 98%,respectively. Meanwhile, Ln Ln Ln（ 23. 10%）,LLLn ＋ OLn Ln（ 18. 44%） and LLn Ln（ 13. 41%）were the main triglycerides in flaxseed oil. γ-Tocopherol was the major tocopherol in both peony seed oil and flaxseed oil. The content of γ-to-copherol was 823. 61-963. 17 mg/kg in peony seed oil,which was 487. 75 mg/kg in flaxseed oil. Squalene content was 28. 60-62. 66 mg/kg in peony seed oil,which was 18. 00 mg/kg in flaxseed oil. The contents of total sterol in‘Fengdan＇peony seed oil produced in Anhui and Shandong were the highest with more than 4 600 mg/kg,which was 3 269. 49 mg/kg in flaxseed oil. Sitosterol was the richest sterol in peony seed oil,which accounted for 55. 50%-62. 17% of total sterols,followed by Δ5-avenasterol（ 25. 28%-28. 01%）. Sitosterol was also the richest sterol in flaxseed oil,which accounted for 52. 59% of total sterols,followed by 24-methylenecholesterol,campesterol and Δ5-avenasterol.

关 键 词：牡丹籽油 亚麻籽油 化学组成 甘油三酯 生育酚 角鲨烯 甾醇 

分 类 号：TQ646[化学工程—精细化工]