2014-2015年海南省餐饮等食品微生物污染状况分析  

Microbial contamination of food and beverages in Hainan Province,2014-2015

作　　者：柳贤勤[1] 何剑[1] 邢坤[1] 冯礼明[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南省疾病预防控制中心,海南海口570203

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2018年第3期261-263,344,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解本省餐饮等食品微生物污染状况,为食品安全风险评估、制定监管措施及食品安全标准制修订提供依据。方法 2014-2015年采集海南省20个市县(区)销售和餐饮环节的学生餐和配送餐、餐饮店饮品、肉制品、水产品、饮水机桶装水等5类食品,开展菌落总数、大肠菌群、霉菌等卫生指示菌及沙门菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、单核细胞增生李斯特菌、副溶血性弧菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌等致病菌污染微生物及致病因子状况调查。结果共监测1 407份样品,冷冻肉糜制品(肉丸)和冷冻鱼糜制品(鱼丸等)单核细胞李斯特菌检出率分别为0.9%和1.2%;经饮水机的桶装饮用水铜绿假单胞菌和大肠菌群检出率较高(分别为56.7%和77.8%);餐饮店自制饮料菌落总数、大肠菌群合格率偏低(分别为66.1%、71.2%);有11%的学生餐饭菜检出金黄色葡萄球菌。结论 2014-2015年海南省桶装饮用水经饮水机后普遍受微生物污染,肉制品、餐饮店自制饮料、食用冰,学生餐、配送餐等安全状况堪忧。Objective To understand the microbial contamination of catering foods in Hainan Province, and provide evidence for food safety risk assessment, formulation of supervision measures and revision of food safety standard. Methods Five categories of food including student order meal, order take-out food, restaurant beverages, meat products, aquatic products, and bottled water conducted by drinking fountain from 20 cities and counties （prefectures） of Hainan Province were collected during 2014 and 2015. Hygienic indicators like aerobic plate count, coliforms, mildew, and microbial pathogens like Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa were detected. Results A total of 1,407 samples were detected. The detection rates of Listeria monocytogenes in frozen meat products （meatballs） and frozen surimi like fish balls were 0.9% and 1.2% respectively. The detection rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa （56.7%） and coliforms （77.8%） in bottled drinking conducted by water fountain were relatively high. The qualification rates of aerobic plate count （66.1%） and coliforms （71.2%） in restaurant beverages were relatively low. Staphylococcus aureus was found in 11% of the student meal. Conclusions Bottled drinking conducted by water fountain was generally subject to microbial contamination in Hainan Province in 2014-2015. The safety of meat product, restaurant beverages, edible ice, student meal and order take-out food was not optimistic.

关 键 词：食品 饮料 微生物污染 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]