基于主成分和聚类分析的曲拉品质的综合评价  

Comprehensive Evaluation of the Quality Qula, Dried Residue of Naturally Fermented Skim Yak Milk, Based on Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis

作　　者：陈梦音 王琳琳[1] 韩玲[1] 丁考仁青 张佳莹[1] 黄彩燕[1] 文鹏程[1] CHEN Mengyin;WANG Linlin;HAN Ling;DINGKAO Renqing;ZHANG Jiaying;HUANG Caiyan;WEN Pengcheng(College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;Gannan Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary, Hezuo 747000, China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学食品科学与工程学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘南州畜牧科学研究所,甘肃合作747000

出　　处：《食品科学》2017年第13期102-107,共6页Food Science

基　　金：农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303085)

摘　　要：为提高牧区牦牛曲拉品质的一致性,对我国曲拉主产区的曲拉样品进行综合评价。采集8个地区95份牦牛曲拉样品,对其营养成分、抗氧化指标、色度值及5-羟甲基糠醛(5-hydroxymethylfurfural,5-HMF)进行测定与分析,应用主成分分析筛选曲拉品质评价指标,同时通过聚类分析对曲拉样品进行分类,运用方差分析对曲拉进行综合评价。结果表明,根据相关性分析得到大多数指标间均存在极显著(P<0.01)或显著(P<0.05)相关性;主成分分析筛选出2个主成分因子,PC1(72.846%)为外观色泽因子,PC2(13.763%)为营养品质因子,L*值、a*值、b*值以及5-HMF含量在PC1上的载荷因子均在0.9以上,说明外观色泽是评价曲拉品质的主要指标;聚类分析可将95份曲拉样品分为4类,且此分类结果与主成分分析结果基本一致。该4类曲拉样品品质存在极显著差异(P<0.01),其中总体14.74%左右的曲拉样品品质不佳,69.47%左右的曲拉样品品质良好,15.79%左右的曲拉样品品质优良。In order to improve the quality consistency of Qula,the dried residue of naturally fermented skim yak milk,inpastoral areas of China,a comprehensive quality evaluation was conducted for Qula samples collected from some majorproducing areas in the country.A total of95Qula samples from8producing areas were analyzed for nutritional composition,antioxidant properties,color values and5-hydroxymethylfurfural(5-HMF).The appropriate indicators to evaluate the qualityof Qula were screened by principal component analysis(PCA)and the samples were classified by cluster analysis.At thesame time,analysis of variance was used to comprehensively evaluate the quality of Qula samples.The results showed thatmajority indicators were extremely significant(P<0.01)and significant(P<0.05)correlation.The first and second principalcomponents(PC1and PC2)identified by PCA,accounting for72.846%and13.763%of the total variance,were interpreted as a‘color component’and a‘nutritional quality component’,respectively.The PC1loading factors for color L*,a*and b*values and5-HMF content were all higher than0.9,suggesting that the color could be considered the major indicator of Qula quality.Cluster analysissuggested that these Qula samples were classified into four categories,showing good consistency with the result from principal componentanalysis.There were extremely significant differences between four categories of Qula samples in terms of quality indicators(P<0.01).Approximately14.74%of Qula samples were bad in quality,69.47%good and15.79%excellent.

关 键 词：牦牛曲拉 品质指标 主成分分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：TS252.1[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]