柴达木野生黑果枸杞营养成分分析与比较  

Analysis and Comparison of Nutritional Compositions in Wild Lycium ruthenicum from Qaidam

作　　者：李钦俊 谭亮[2] 杲秀珍 赵静[2] 冀恬[2] 贺明珠 LI Qin-jun;TAN Liang;GAO Xiu-zhen;ZHAO Jing;JI Tian;HE Ming-zhu(Xining Urban Vocational&Technical College,Xining 810000,China;Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation,Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining 810001,China)

机构地区：[1]西宁城市职业技术学院,青海西宁810000 [2]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,青海省藏药药理学和安全性评价研究重点实验室,青海西宁810001

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2019年第18期273-281,288,共10页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：青海省重点实验室专项(2017-ZJ-Y08);兰州区域中心2019年度自主知识课题(lz201903)

摘　　要：目的:选取青海柴达木6个地区共21批野生黑枸杞,对其营养成分进行分析评价和比较,为野生黑果枸杞再加工产品的开发和利用提供重要依据。方法:分别用亚临界流体丁烷和1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷(R134a)萃取出野生黑果枸杞中的粗脂肪和黄酮类成分,采用快速溶剂萃取法(accelerated solvent extraction,ASE)提取野生黑果枸杞中的糖分,然后分别测定了脂肪、总黄酮、多糖、可溶性糖、甜菜碱、花青素、原花青素、总酸、维生素、黑果枸杞籽中脂肪酸含量,同时测定主要常规营养成分、氨基酸和各种矿物质元素含量等。结果:天峻县样品中原花青素、碳水化合物、总酸含量最高,乌兰县样品中灰分、总黄酮、总多酚含量最高,都兰县样品中总脂肪酸、能量、维生素C含量最高,格尔木市样品中主要矿物质元素、粗纤维、可溶性糖含量最高,大柴旦样品中粗脂肪、蛋白质、花青素、多糖、总氨基酸含量最高,德令哈市样品中甜菜碱、B族维生素含量最高。结论:青海柴达木野生黑果枸杞具有良好的营养价值和开发前景,本研究可为其质量控制提供依据。Objective:Twenty-one batches of wild Lycium ruthenicum in six regions from Qaidam were selected to examine and compare the nutrient composition,in order to give important evidence for the development and utilization of reprocessed products.Methods:The crude fat and flavonoids components were extracted with sub-critical fluid n-butane and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane(R134a),respectively.An accelerated solvent extraction(ASE)method was developed for extraction of sugar.Contents of fat,total flavonoids,polysaccharides,soluble sugar,betaine,anthocyanins,oligomeric proantho cyanidins,total acid,vitamin and fatty acids in seed of wild Lycium ruthenicum were detected respectively.The contents of routine nutrients,amino acid and various mineral elements were also detected.Results:The contents of oligomeric proantho cyanidins,carbohydrate and total acid were the highest in Tianjun county samples,the contents of ash,total flavonoids and total polyphenol were the highest in Wulan county samples,the contents of total fatty acids,energy and vitamin C were the highest in Dulan county samples,the contents of major mineral elements,crude fiber and soluble sugar were the highest in Geermu city samples,the contents of crude fat,protein,anthocyanins,polysaccharides and total amino acids were the highest in Da Qaidam samples,the contents of betaine and vitamin B were the highest in Delingha city samples.Conclusion:These figures indicate that wild Lycium ruthenicum from Qaidam have good nutrients and practical applications,and this study can provide a basis for quality control.

关 键 词：野生黑果枸杞 营养成分 柴达木地区 氨基酸 脂肪酸 

分 类 号：TS201.4[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]