Regulation of macrophage activation in the liver after acute injury: Role of the fibrinolytic system  

作　　者：Katherine Roth Jenna Strickland Bryan L Copple 

机构地区：[1]Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology,Institute for Integrative Toxicology,Michigan State University,East Lansing,MI 48824,United States

出　　处：《World Journal of Gastroenterology》2020年第16期1879-1887,共9页世界胃肠病学杂志（英文版）

基　　金：Supported by National Institutes of Health Grant,No.DK073566(to Copple BL);National Institutes of Health Training Grant,No.ES007255(to Roth K and Strickland J).

摘　　要：The liver functions,in part,to prevent exposure of the body to potentially harmful substances ingested in the diet.While it is highly efficient at accomplishing this,it is frequently prone to liver injury due to the biotransformation of xenobiotics into toxic metabolites.To counter this injury,the liver has evolved a unique capacity to rapidly and efficiently repair itself.Successful resolution of acute liver injury relies on hepatic macrophage populations that orchestrate the reparative response.After injury,Kupffer cells,the resident macrophages of the liver,become activated and secrete proinflammatory cytokines.These cytokines recruit other immune cells,including monocyte-derived macrophages,to the liver where they contribute to the repair process.Monocyte-derived macrophages traffic into the necrotic foci where they rapidly phagocytose dead cell debris.Simultaneous with this process,these cells change phenotype from a proinflammatory macrophage to a prorestorative macrophage that produce pro-mitogenic growth factors and antiinflammatory cytokines.Ultimately this process triggers resolution of inflammation,and along with proliferation of other hepatic cells,restores the liver architecture and function.While the mechanisms regulating specific macrophage functions during repair remain to be elucidated,recent studies indicate a key role for the fibrinolytic system in coordinating macrophage function during repair.In this review,we will highlight the function and role of hepatic macrophages in repair after acute liver injury,and will discuss the role of the fibrinolytic enzyme,plasmin,in regulation of these various processes.

关 键 词：MACROPHAGE PLASMIN ACETAMINOPHEN LIVER INJURY LIVER REPAIR 

分 类 号：R575[医药卫生—消化系统]