汽车正面碰撞驾驶员颈部肌肉激活分析  

Activation analysis of occupant 's cervical muscle in frontal impact

作　　者：李钊[1] 高振海[1] 高菲[1,2] 胡宏宇 张天瑶[1] LI Zhao;GAO Zhen-hai;GAO Fei;HU Hong-yu;ZHANG Tian-yao(State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control,Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China;College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering,Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学汽车仿真与控制国家重点实验室,长春130022 [2]吉林大学工程仿生教育部重点实验室,长春130022

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（工学版）》2020年第3期869-874,共6页Journal of Jilin University:Engineering and Technology Edition

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(51775236,51675224,U1564214);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0102600).

摘　　要：针对汽车正面碰撞时计算颈部肌肉的主动肌肉力问题,提出了基于颈部生理结构特征的肌肉激活程度计算方法。按照解剖结构将颈部肌肉分两部分,使用优化算法计算深层肌肉激活程度;在志愿者实验数据的基础上,依据解剖结构和功能分组计算浅层肌肉激活程度。通过碰撞仿真分析,在低速正面碰撞中颈部主动肌肉力能够降低颈部损伤,以斜方肌为代表的后侧肌肉会产生离心收缩而受到损伤。The musculo-skeletal system of the cervical is over actuated with an average of 5 muscles acting on each joint.It implies that a nearly infinite number of solutions is possible to predict individual muscle forces to produce a joint moment.This study proposed a muscle activation calculation method based on neck physiological characteristics.Neck muscles were divided into deep and superficial groups according to the anatomical structure.The activities of deep muscle were achieved by optimization,while the anatomical structure and function combined with the normalized EMG obtained from volunteer test was adopted for the counterpart.The kinematics and load of the driver were influenced by muscle activation in low-speed impact.The torque,tension and shear of the cervical muscle in the active model were lower than those in the passive model.And the posterior muscle represented by the trapezius might injured by eccentriccontraction.

关 键 词：车辆工程 正面碰撞 颈部肌肉 主动肌肉力 颈部损伤 

分 类 号：U471.3[机械工程—车辆工程]