羊肚菌胞外多糖体外降血糖降血脂活性研究  

In vitro Hyperglycemic and Hypolipidemic Activity of Morchella esculenta Extracellular Polysaccharides

作　　者：李井雷 刘玉婷 宗帅 张家奇 叶明[1] LI Jing-lei;LIU Yu-ting;ZONG Shuai;ZHANG Jia-qi;YE Ming(School of Food and Biological Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学食品与生物工程学院,安徽合肥230009

出　　处：《食品研究与开发》2020年第16期39-45,共7页Food Research and Development

摘　　要：羊肚菌是一种名贵食药用真菌,具有较高的营养价值和药用功效。该研究通过深层发酵培养羊肚菌菌丝体,并分离纯化获得羊肚菌胞外多糖(Morchella esculenta extracellular polysaccharides,MEP),检测MEP的体外降血糖和降血脂活性。研究结果表明:羊肚菌在液体深层发酵条件下生长迅速,一般5 d^6 d即可获得较高的生物量,胞外多糖产量较高,通过脱蛋白、脱色和透析后,获得MEP混合物,过DEAE-纤维素52凝胶柱后发现MEP主要为中性多糖,并且含有少量的酸性多糖,MEP对α-葡萄糖苷酶和α-淀粉酶的活性具有一定的抑制作用,在高浓度条件下其抑制率分别可以达到20%和40%左右,同时MEP对脂肪酶活性具有较强的抑制作用,在浓度为5 mg/mL时抑制率为30%,MEP对胆酸盐的结合效率结果显示MEP对甘氨胆酸钠和牛磺胆酸钠的结合率达到了35%和30%,最后检测了MEP对葡萄糖的扩散速率影响,结果表明MEP可以在一定程度上抑制葡萄糖在溶液条件下的扩散。该研究结果显示,MEP具有较强的降血糖降血脂活性,有望作为相关疾病治疗的辅助药物。Morchella esculenta is a rare edible medicinal fungus,with high nutritional value and medicinal efficacy. The extracellular polysaccharides of Morchella esculenta(MEP)was obtained after deep fermentation and the in vitro hyperglycemic and hypolipidemic activity of MEP were detected. The results showed that Morchella esculenta grew rapidly under deep fermentation,generally 5-6 days of fermentation could obtain a significant biomass. After de-protein,decolorization and dialysis,the MEP mixture was obtained. Via DEAEcellulose 52 gel-column MEP was primarily neutral polysaccharides and contained a small amount of acidic polysaccharides. The inhibition activity MEP to α-glucoside and α-amylase was detected and reached 20 % and40 % at high MEP concentration respectively. At the sametime,MEP showed a strong inhibitory rate at 30 % on lipase activity at a concentration of 5 mg/mL. The binding efficiency of bile acid showed that MEP bind to sodium glycocholate and sodium taurocholate at the rate of 35 % and 30 % respectively. And finally,we tested the effect of MEP on the glucose diffusion rate which showed that MEP retards the diffusion of glucose under solution conditions. Collectively,the results of this study showed that MEP had strong blood sugar hypoglycemia and lipid-lowering activity,and was expected to be used as an auxiliary drug for the treatment of related diseases.

关 键 词：羊肚菌 胞外多糖 降血糖 降血脂 分离纯化 

分 类 号：TS201.4[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]