不同品牌和年份普洱茶的主要品质成分比较研究  

Comparison of the Main Quality Components of Pu-erh Tea with Different Brands and Years

作　　者：高熳熳 张林奇 王晓蕊 翁彦如 马立娟[1] 杜丽平[1] GAO Man-man;ZHANG Lin-qi;WANG Xiao-rui;WENG Yan-ru;MA Li-juan;DU Li-ping(Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology,Ministry of Education,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology,College of Biotechnology,Tianjin University of Science and Technology,Tianjin 300457,China)

机构地区：[1]工业发酵微生物教育部重点实验室,天津市工业微生物重点实验室,天津科技大学生物工程学院,天津300457

出　　处：《食品研究与开发》2021年第16期16-22,共7页Food Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31671847)。

摘　　要：为了解不同品牌和年份的普洱茶的品质差异,对3个品牌、5个年份普洱茶的干物质含量、茶水浸出物、茶多酚、没食子酸、儿茶素类、茶多糖、茶褐素和香气成分等品质指标进行分析。内含物质分析结果表明:品牌1中的干物质含量、茶多酚、表没食子儿茶素和表儿茶素没食子酸酯的含量最高;品牌2中的儿茶素含量显著低于其他两个品牌;品牌3的茶水浸出物、没食子酸和茶褐素的含量较低。香气成分分析结果表明:普洱茶香气主要包括醛类、醇类、酮类、甲氧基苯类、碳氢类、酚类、酯类和含氮类等8大类化合物,其中使普洱茶具有陈香特征的甲氧基苯类香气化合物相对含量最高,1,2-二甲氧基苯含量范围为4.94μg/g~14.64μg/g,3,4-二甲氧基苯含量范围为2.30μg/g~11.73μg/g,1,2,3-三甲氧基苯含量范围为8.24μg/g~23.38μg/g,1,2,4-三甲氧基苯含量范围为8.97μg/g~26.23μg/g。综合分析表明:同一品牌不同年份产品品质基本稳定,不同品牌普洱茶品质差异较大,品牌风格突出。In order to understand the quality differences in Pu-erh tea using different brands and years. The dry matter content,tea water extract,tea polyphenols,gallic acid,catechins,tea polysaccharides,theabrownins,and aroma components of Pu-erh tea from 3 brands and 5 years were analyzed. The analysis revealed the dry matter content,tea polyphenols,epigallocatechin,and epicatechin gallate content were the highest in brand 1. The catechin content in brand 2 was significantly lower than the other two brands. Brand 3 contained less tea extract,gallic acid,and theabrownins. The aroma components of the Pu-erh tea mainly included:aldehydes,alcohols,ketones,methoxybenzenes,hydrocarbons,phenols,esters,and nitrogen-containing compounds. Among them,the relative content of methoxybenzene aroma compounds in Pu-erh tea had the highest aging character istics. Among the methoxybenzene aroma compounds,the content range of 1,2-dimethoxybenzene was 4.94 μg/g-14.64 μg/g;the content range of 3,4-dimethoxybenzene was 2.30 μg/g-11.73 μg/g;the content range of 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene was 8.24 μg/g-23.38 μg/g;the 1,2,4-trimethoxybenzene content range was 8.97 μg/g-26.23 μg/g. The comprehensive analysis showed that the product quality within a brand was basically stable regardless of year. Conversely,the different brand quality of Pu-erh tea was significantly different and the brand style was prominent.

关 键 词：普洱茶 内含物质 香气成分 甲氧基苯类化合物 品质比较 

分 类 号：TS272.5[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]