幼儿园课程变革中教师的改变机制  

On Kindergarten Teachers'Change Mechanism in the Process of Curriculum Reform

作　　者：王秀萍[1] 王宁 刘琦 Xiuping Wang;Ning Wang;Qi Liu(Hangzhou Kindergarten Teachers College,Zhejiang Normal University,Hangzhou 311231 China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学杭州幼儿师范学院,杭州311231

出　　处：《学前教育研究》2021年第9期40-53,共14页Studies in Early Childhood Education

基　　金：浙江省哲学社会科学规划课题"中国儿童发展40年"(编号:19HQZZ09)。

摘　　要：教师作为课程改革的最终实施主体是实际掌握变革命脉的关键人物。只有教师对新课程实现了从心理接受到行为落实的全面转变,课程改革才得以真正完成。这使得教师实现从理念到行为的真确性改变所需的内外条件及其作用,构成了教师改变机制研究的基本内容。本研究以地方性课程变革项目为实践背景,以6位教师为研究对象,以访谈为数据收集方法,以扎根理论为分析工具,探讨幼儿园课程变革中的教师改变机制。结果发现,现场看见有说服力的新课程实施样态并引发心理认同是教师改变的启动机制,其实质是教师对新课程建立起支持性信念。在把新课程理念落实到教学行为的实践历程中,教师拥有的团队变革文化是教师改变的过程机制,包括新方法实践模式、原创课团队介入流程、幼儿园团队干预因素三个外部条件与教师个体反思方式一个内部条件。新方法效能尤其是自我效能形成是教师改变的确认机制,其实质是教师对新课程建立起得到教学行为支撑的行动性信念。幼儿园作为课程变革的组织单元,应为教师提供持续的支持与园外资源,监控并推动教师改变。教师应善于寻找模范、收集范例,并逐步过渡到研发原创课,通过深入、再深入的反思,实现对改革新理念的真正内化。As the last implementing subject of the curriculum reform,teachers are the key figures.Teachers’ change from psychological acceptance to action is the realization of curriculum reform. What facilitate teachers to accept psychologically,what support the process of the new curriculum notion into teaching behavior,and how to judge teacher authenticity changes are the problems about mechanism of teachers’ change. The study took the local curriculum reform project as the practical background,six teachers as the research objects,interviews as the data collection method,and grounded theory as the data analysis approach,to explore the mechanism of teachers’ change. It is found that seeing the persuasive implementation of new curriculum and eliciting psychological identity are the initiation mechanism,which means that teachers establish supportive belief for the new curriculum. In the process of notion into teaching behavior,teachers’ team culture is the process mechanism,which includes three external conditions(new method practice mode,team intervention process,team intervention factor),and one internal con dition(teachers’ individual reflection mode). The formation of new method efficacy,especially self-efficacy,is the confirmation mechanism,which means that teachers establish implemental belief for the new curriculum.Kindergarten should give continuing support to teachers and teachers should strengthen their reflection in the process from learning from models to implementing independently.

关 键 词：教师改变 课程变革 扎根理论 幼儿园教师 

分 类 号：G615[文化科学—学前教育学]