陶行知与民国时期的南通教育  

Tao Xingzhi and Nantong Education in the Period of the Republic of China

作　　者：李国忠[1] LI Guozhong(School of Marxism Studies,Nantong Normal College,Nantong,Jiangsu,226010,China)

机构地区：[1]南通师范高等专科学校马克思主义学院,江苏南通226010

出　　处：《教育与教学研究》2021年第12期7-18,共12页Education and Teaching Research

基　　金：江苏省教育科学"十三五"规划重点课题(2016年度)"南通地区践行陶行知教育思想的历史脉络研究"(编号:TY-b/2016/03)。

摘　　要：2021年是陶行知先生诞辰130周年,他伟大的人格精神、深邃的思想理论、丰富的行动智慧值得后继者不断地去挖掘、学习和研究。由于陶行知与张謇的忘年交情和对南通作为"模范县"的良好印象,他与民国时期的南通教育结下了深厚的因缘,两次到南通参观、演讲,安排杜威、孟禄、推士等西方学者到南通考察、讲学、调研,在南通推广平民教育、乡村教育和"小先生制",为推动民国时期南通教育作出了重要贡献:其一,将西方先进的教育思想带到南通,使南通教育改革特别活跃;其二,促进国民普及教育在南通生根、开花、结果,改变了南通的教育生态;其三,以教育家的人格魅力激励南通的教师潜心教育,激励了南通人的教育情怀;其四,推动南通教育提前走向现代化,使南通教育走在了那个时代的前列。从此,南通教育持续发展几十年而不衰,直至形成了今天特有的"南通教育现象"。This year marks the 130th anniversary of the birth of Mr.Tao Xingzhi.His great personality spirit,profound thoughts and theories,and rich wisdom of action deserve to be continuously explored,studied and researched by his successors.Due to Tao Xingzhi’s friendship with Zhang Qian and his good impression of Nantong as a"model county",he formed a deep relationship with Nantong education in the period of the Republic of China.He visited Nantong twice and gave speeches,arranged Dewey,Monroe,Teshi and other western scholars to inspect,lecture and investigate in Nantong,and promoted civilian education,rural education and little teacher system in Nantong.It made an important contribution to promoting the education in Nantong during the period of the Republic of China.First,he brought advanced western educational theories to Nantong,which made the educational reform in Nantong particularly active;Second,he promoted national universal education to take root,blossom and bear fruit in Nantong,which changed the educational ecology of Nantong;Third,he encouraged Nantong teachers to devote themselves to education with the personality charm of educators,which inspired the educational feelings of Nantong people;Fourth,he promoted the modernization of Nantong education ahead of time,which made Nantong education in the forefront of that era.Since then,Nantong education has been developed continuously for decades,forming the unique"Nantong education phenomenon"today.

关 键 词：陶行知 民国时期教育 平民教育 乡村教育 小先生制 南通教育 

分 类 号：G40-092[文化科学—教育学原理]