Astrocytes protect dopaminergic neurons against aminochrome neurotoxicity  

作　　者：Juan Segura-Aguilar Bengt Mannervik JoséInzunza Mukesh Varshney Ivan Nalvarte Patricia Muñoz 

机构地区：[1]Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology ICBM Faculty of Medicine University of Chile,Santiago,Chile [2]Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics,Arrhenius Laboratories,Stockholm University,Stockholm,Sweden [3]Department of Biosciences and Nutrition,Karolinska Institutet,Stockholm,Sweden [4]Nucleo de Química y Bioquímica,Facultad de Estudios Interdisciplinarios,Universidad Mayor,Santiago,Chile

出　　处：《Neural Regeneration Research》2022年第9期1861-1866,共6页中国神经再生研究（英文版）

基　　金：supported by ANID-FONDECYT 1170033(to JSA);ANID-STINT-CONICYT CS2018-7940(to JSA,IN,JI,MV);Swedish Research Council grant 2015-04222 to BM.

摘　　要：Astrocytes protect neurons by modulating neuronal function and survival.Astrocytes support neurons in several ways.They provide energy through the astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle,protect neurons from excitotoxicity,and internalize neuronal lipid droplets to degrade fatty acids for neuronal metabolic and synaptic support,as well as by their high capacity for glutamate uptake and the conversion of glutamate to glutamine.A recent reported astrocyte system for protection of dopamine neurons against the neurotoxic products of dopamine,such as aminochrome and other o-quinones,were generated under neuromelanin synthesis by oxidizing dopamine catechol structure.Astrocytes secrete glutathione transferase M2-2 through exosomes that transport this enzyme into dopaminergic neurons to protect these neurons against aminochrome neurotoxicity.The role of this new astrocyte protective mechanism in Parkinson´s disease is discussed.

关 键 词：aminochrome ASTROCYTES DOPAMINE dopaminergic neurons EXOSOMES glutathione transferase M2-2 NEUROPROTECTION Parkinson’s disease 

分 类 号：R742.5[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]