智能时代教师学习的十大难题  

Ten issues of concern for teacher learning in the age of intelligence

作　　者：张志祯[1] 徐雪迎 李英杰 吕雅楠 Zhizhen Zhang;Xueying Xu;Yingjie Li;Ya’nan Lv

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学教育学部教育技术学院,100875 [2]北京市西城区教育研修学院,100035 [3]哈尔滨师范大学教育科学学院,150000

出　　处：《中国远程教育》2022年第2期1-12,76,共13页Chinese Journal of Distance Education

基　　金：教育部教师工作司委托课题“第四次工业革命时代的教师角色转型及必备素养”(JSSKT2019026)。

摘　　要：进入智能时代,尽管已有多种形式的智能机器承担了教学任务,但在弱人工智能时期智能教学系统的作用与应用有限。人类教师不但能够创造"学习的条件",而且能够创造"让‘学习的条件’起作用的条件"。教师还将继续活跃在三尺讲台上。教师专业学习与持续发展对于教育质量提高仍然至关重要。厘清教师专业学习的难题,是智能时代教师教育体系构建、教师教育项目设计和相关智能技术产品研发的基础性工作。本研究在长期教师教育研究、实践与文献梳理的基础上,提出了六类十个教师专业学习的难题,即目标的抽象变动难题,理论的迁移难题,技术的整合难题,教学实践的行动、理解与表达难题,教师教育的前见、连续与反馈难题,以及教师个人的动力难题。基于对教师学习难题的系统分析,对教师个人学习及其支持、教师教育项目设计与教学原则以及促进教师学习的智能技术产品研发提出了对策建议。In the age of intelligence, teachers remain irreplaceable despite the fact that intelligent machines are already implementing teaching tasks. This is because intelligent teaching systems are based on weak artificial intelligence, hence unable to replace human teachers in all aspects. That said, teachers can give full play to the affordances of such systems to enhance teaching effectiveness. Learning to teach in the age of intelligence is an essential part of teacher learning and continuing professional development. Informed by the authors’ expertise in teacher education and research findings from relevant literature, this study identified ten problems to be addressed adequately to facilitate teacher learning, covering such areas as the changing nature of knowledge, skills and dispositions required, the use of educational theory to interpret and solve practical problems in teaching, the integration of technology into teaching, the complexity of teaching practice, the interpretation of teaching practice, the articulation of teaching practice, teachers’ prior perceptions, knowledge, experience and skills of teaching, the continuity of teaching experience, the provision of feedback on teacher learning, and teachers’ motivation to learn. Strategies to overcome these problems and to develop intelligent products to ensure effective teacher learning are then proposed and discussed.

关 键 词：教师专业学习 教师教育 教师专业发展 智能技术 理论 技术整合 教学实践 教师教育信息化 

分 类 号：G451.2[文化科学—教育学]