美国加利福尼亚州公立基础教育经费投入体制的特点及启示  

The Characteristics of Public Elementary Education Fund System in California and Its Enlightenment

作　　者：赵德成[1] 贺梦圆 ZHAO De-cheng;HE Meng-yuan(Faculty of Education,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学教育学部,北京100875

出　　处：《北京教育学院学报》2022年第2期78-85,共8页Journal of Beijing Institute of Education

基　　金：北京市教育科学“十三五”规划重点课题“中小学学校治理现代化:问题、原因分析与改进”(CCAA2020037)。

摘　　要：建立健全保证基础教育经费投入持续稳定增长的长效机制,是推动教育现代化的重要保障。美国加利福尼亚州的公立基础教育经费投入体制具有如下特点:立法先行,强化州在公立基础教育财政投入中的主体责任;依据学生人数及特征分配州普通基金,促进教育均衡与公平;将问责权交给地方,推行社会参与的经费监管制度。给予我国的启示:完善有关立法,加强法律表述的操作性;加大省级经费统筹与转移支付力度,促进区域间教育均衡;教育经费向农村学生和处境不利学生倾斜,推动教育公平;建立健全全面覆盖且适度宽松的使用管理制度,管好用好教育经费。Establishing and perfecting a long-term mechanism to ensure the sustained and stable growth of elementary education fund is an important guarantee to promote education modernization.The public elementary education fund system in California has the characteristics as follows:legislation takes the lead to strengthen the state’s main responsibility in public elementary education funding;the state’s general funds are allocated according to the number and characteristics of students to promote the education balance and equity;the accountability power is handed over to the local government to implement the fund supervision system of social participation.Drawing lessons from it,the relevant legislation should be perfected to strengthen the operation of legal expression;the overall planning and transfer of funds should be increased at the provincial level to promote the education balance among regions;more education funds should be given to the rural students and the disadvantaged students to promote the education equity;a comprehensive,inclusive and moderately loose usage management system should be established and improved to make good use of education fund.

关 键 词：基础教育 教育经费 教育公平 教育均衡 

分 类 号：G467.2[文化科学—教育学]