新时代小学全科教师培养——专访西南大学宋乃庆教授  

Training of Primary School General Teachers in the New Era: Possibilities, Difficulties and Measures

作　　者：宋乃庆[1,2] 郑智勇[3] 范涌峰[1,2,3] SONG Naiqing;ZHENG Zhiyong;FAN Yongfeng(Research Center for Basic Education,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Southwest University Branch of China Collaborative Innovation Center for Quality Monitoring of Basic Education,Chongqing 400715,China;Faculty of Education,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学基础教育研究中心,重庆400715 [2]中国基础教育质量监测协同创新中心西南大学分中心,重庆400715 [3]西南大学教育学部,重庆400715

出　　处：《教师教育学报》2022年第4期1-9,共9页Journal of Teacher Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“国家基础教育质量监测与评价体系研究”(19ZDA359),项目负责人:辛涛。

摘　　要：宋乃庆教授认为新时代小学全科教师是按照高素质小学教师要求培养的,以学生学习发展为中心,具备跨学科知识、教学技能,以及将单一的不同学科知识进行统整的课程整合能力(如一专多能、一主多辅、两主多辅等),能够独立承担多门学科课程教学任务,并对学生进行综合素质培养的小学教师。宋乃庆教授认为培养小学全科教师不但可以纾解乡村教师结构性缺编难题,而且可以满足全面提升小学教师综合素质的现实需求,这既是借鉴发达国家经验、推动城乡教育优质均衡发展的有效途径,又是教育扶贫、乡村振兴的有力抓手。面向未来,宋乃庆教授认为小学全科教师培养需要从四个方面着手:第一,加强小学全科教师培养顶层设计,完善小学全科教师培养机制;第二,建立小学全科教师培养课程体系,做好小学全科教师培养教材资源建设工作;第三,建立由多元主体参与的激励机制,开展对小学全科教师的追踪评价;第四,打造多元和包容的文化空间,营造小学学科教师向全科教师转型的良好氛围等。Professor Song Naiqing believes that primary school teacher in the new era should be trained in accordance with the requirements of training high-quality primary school teachers, with students learning and development as the center, with interdisciplinary knowledge, teaching skills, as well as the ability to integrate the knowledge of different subjects into a unified curriculum(one major with multiple abilities, one major with multiple assistants, two major with multiple assistants),and the ability to independently undertake the teaching tasks of multi-disciplinary courses, a primary school teacher who cultivates the students’ comprehensive qualities. It not only alleviates the contradiction of the structural shortage of rural teachers, but also serves as real demand for the comprehensive quality improvement of primary school teachers in an all-around way. It is also an effective way to learn from the experience of developed countries and promote the balanced development of high-quality education in urban and rural areas, to realize educational poverty alleviation and rural revitalization. In the future, it is necessary to strengthen the top-level design and improve the training mechanism of primary school teachers, to establish the curriculum system for primary school teachers’ training, and accomplish the construction of digital resources for primary school teachers’ training materials. We should establish the multi-subject participation incentive mechanism to carry out tracking and evaluation of primary school teachers, set up a multi-inclusive cultural space, and create an atmosphere for primary school teachers to advocate subject transformation.

关 键 词：小学全科教师 教师培养 教师教育 教师培训 

分 类 号：G451[文化科学—教育学]