四川省凉山州德昌县10种核桃及其油脂品质对比分析  

Comparative analysis of 10 walnuts and their oil quality in Dechang county,Liangshan prefecture,Sichuan province

作　　者：杨珺杰 刘文龙[1] 邹强[1] 文永平 吴万波[2] 黄义 何京蓉 王妍淳 YANG Junjie;LIU Wenlong;ZOU Qiang;WEN Yongping;WU Wanbo;HUANG Yi;HE Jingrong;WANG Yanchun(Key Laboratory for Meat Processing of Sichuan Province,Chengdu University,Chengdu 610106,China;Sichuan Academy of Forestry,Chengdu 610084,China)

机构地区：[1]成都大学肉类加工四川省重点实验室,成都610106 [2]四川省林业科学研究院,成都610084

出　　处：《中国油脂》2022年第6期117-120,共4页China Oils and Fats

基　　金：四川省科技计划项目重点研发项目(2020yfg0318,2019YFN0172);四川省科技成果转移转化项目(20ZHSF0154);四川省应用基础研究计划项目(2019YJ0660);成都市科技局技术创新研发项目(2019-YF05-02192-SN)。

摘　　要：为合理开发利用四川省凉山州德昌县的核桃资源,对该产地采摘的10种核桃及其油脂品质进行对比分析,检测了核桃横径、平均果质量、出仁率,核桃仁水分含量、粗脂肪含量、出油率,核桃油酸值、过氧化值和脂肪酸组成。结果表明:10种核桃的平均果质量为7.76~17.03 g,横径为29.60~48.17 mm,出仁率为40.76%~57.39%;核桃仁水分含量均低于5%,粗脂肪含量为57.54%~69.26%;核桃油过氧化值与酸值均符合国标要求,脂肪酸组成以不饱和脂肪酸为主,棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸和α-亚麻酸含量分别为5.25%~5.93%、2.17%~3.85%、27.32%~44.50%、42.22%~57.13%和4.43%~6.44%。综合考虑各项因素,德昌37号、德昌7号和德昌11号更适合用于加工生产核桃油。For the rational development and utilization of walnut resources in Dechang county,Liangshan prefecture,Sichuan province,10 walnuts and their oil quality in Dechang county were compared and analyzed.The horizontal diameter,average fruit weight and kernel rate of walnut,moisture content and crude fat content,and oil yield of walnut kernel,acid value,peroxide value and fatty acid composition of walnut oil were determined.The results showed that the average fruit weight,horizontal diameter and kernel rate of 10 walnuts was 7.76-17.03 g,29.60-48.17 mm and 40.76%-57.39%respectively;the moisture content of walnut kernel was all less than 5%;the crude fat content of walnut kernel was 57.54%-69.26%;the peroxide value and acid value met the requirements of the national standard;the fatty acid composition was mostly unsaturated fatty acid,and the contents of palmitic acid,stearic acid,oleic acid,linoleic acid andα-linolenic acid were 5.25%-5.93%,2.17%-3.85%,27.32%-44.50%,42.22%-57.13%and 4.43%-6.44%respectively.Considering all factors,Dechang 37,Dechang 7 and Dechang 11 are more suitable for processing and producing walnut oil.

关 键 词：核桃 核桃油 粗脂肪 脂肪酸组成 

分 类 号：TS222[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程] TS225.1[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]