菜籽肽的酶法制备、分离纯化及生物功能特性研究进展  

Enzymatic preparation, isolation and biological functions of rapeseed/canola peptides

作　　者：翟晓娜 裴海生 梁亮 张志民 胡雪芳 李旭锐 孙昊 ZHAI Xiaona;PEI haisheng;LIANG Liang;ZHANG Zhimin;HU Xuefang;LI Xurui;SUN Hao(Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Postharvest Handing,Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering,MARA,Beijing 100021,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部规划设计研究院,农业农村部农产品产后处理重点实验室,北京100125

出　　处：《河南工业大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第4期128-136,共9页Journal of Henan University of Technology：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：农业农村部规划设计研究院自主研发项目(ZZYFXKZ201903)。

摘　　要：生物活性肽具有多种良好的功能活性及营养价值,以其为基础开发的功能食品及营养保健品已成为大健康产业领域趋势之一。菜籽饼粕作为油菜籽榨油后的副产物,其蛋白质含量丰富、氨基酸组成均衡,是优质植物蛋白资源之一,且菜籽蛋白已被欧盟及美国食品和药物管理局批准为新食品原料,应用前景广阔。以菜籽饼粕或菜籽蛋白为原料经酶解或微生物发酵制备成菜籽肽或水解物已被证明具有抗氧化、降血压及螯合金属离子等多种活性功能,菜籽活性肽的挖掘及相关产品的开发将有助于菜籽的高值化利用。主要综述了菜籽肽的酶法制备、潜在功能活性及相关机制,并对研究趋势进行了概述,旨在为后续菜籽生物活性肽的深入开发利用提供理论支撑。Bioactive peptides are defined as fractions of proteins containing 2-20 amino acids. After a long time investigation, currently, they exert specific regulations on the life activities of organisms. Moreover, the bioactivities of peptides are highly dependent on the molecular, amino acid composition and sequence which are impacted by their protein sources and preparation methods. Herein, rapeseed/canola is the third-most abundant oil crop worldwide and its annual yield is huge. Rapeseed/canola meal, as the by-product of rapeseed oil extraction, contains rich proteins with an excellent amino acid profile. And it has been known as a kind of high-quality plant protein source. But it is currently just used as animal feed with a low economic value. Fortunately, it is remarkable that rapeseed protein has been generally recognized as safe and approved for food use in the EU and the US, therefore, the prospects of its application will be broader. Moreover, rapeseed/canola protein hydrolysate or peptides extracted by enzymatic hydrolysis or fermentative hydrolysis have been proven to exert various biological activities such as antioxidant, antihypertensive, chelating effects and so on. It is supposed that rapeseed peptides will contribute to a higher value utilization of rapeseed industry to some extent. Nowadays, enzymatic hydrolysis is widely employed, and protease enzymes including proteinase K, collagenase, subtilisin A, alcalase, flavourzyme and neutrase are generally selected. It is well known that the bioactivities of peptides depend are highly on their molecular weight distribution, amino acid composition and sequence. Concurrently, their structure characteristics are affected by the protein sources, methods of production, isolation, purification, and molecular interaction. For example, an increase in the degree of hydrolysis is helpful to improve the antioxidant activity of peptides. Taken the practical application into consideration, the relationship between molecular structure and activity is necessary to be ful

关 键 词：菜籽饼粕 菜籽蛋白 生物活性肽 酶解 功能特性 

分 类 号：TS201.2[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]