马铃薯块茎不同部位的矿质元素分布规律  

The Distribution of Mineral Elements in Different Parts of Potato Tubers

作　　者：李守强[1] 杨中杰 程建新[1] 李梅[1] 田甲春[1] 葛霞[1] 田世龙[1] LI Shouqiang;YANG Zhongjie;CHENG Jianxin;LI Mei;TIAN Jiachun;GE Xia;TIAN Shilong(Agricultural Products Storage and Processing Research Institute,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,730070 Lanzhou,China;Shiyang River Forestry General Field Xiaoxigou Sub-Field of Wuwei Gansu,733309 Wuwei Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院农产品贮藏加工研究所,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省武威市石羊河林业总场小西沟分场,甘肃武威733309

出　　处：《粮食加工》2022年第5期41-48,共8页Grain Processing

基　　金：甘肃富锌马铃薯生产技术集成与应用项目(WFPGSPP-3,GNKJ-2021-25);国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(31860459);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-09-P26);甘肃省农业科学院创新团队(2017GAAS31)。

摘　　要：为了进一步研究马铃薯块茎不同部位的矿质元素分布规律,提升马铃薯的综合利用价值,采用火焰原子吸收光谱法和酸溶—火焰光度法等国标方法,分别测定了3个马铃薯品种块茎芽眼、薯皮和薯肉共9个部位的干物质和7种矿物质含量。结果表明:采用削皮刀手工去皮时,除芽眼外削掉薯皮占薯块重量的比值平均为8.83%;3个马铃薯品种块茎不同部位的干物质在鲜薯中的含量为107.89~236.39 g/kg,K、Ca、Mg、Zn、Mn、Cu、Fe含量分别为2.32~6.50 g/kg、11.36~237.41 mg/kg、38.56~105.79 mg/kg、3.03~16.46 mg/kg、0.94~3.32 mg/kg、1.12~2.22 mg/kg、6.43~51.31 mg/kg,其中K、Ca、Mg、Mn、Fe含量均表现为薯皮>芽眼>薯肉,Zn和干物质含量均表现为芽眼>薯肉>薯皮,Cu含量表现为芽眼>薯皮>薯肉;不同矿质K、Ca、Mg、Zn、Mn、Cu、Fe元素之间存在一定的正向相关性,除脐部薯皮矿质元素含量与顶部和环髓区薯肉的相关性不显著外,其余不同部位的矿质K、Ca、Mg、Zn、Mn、Cu、Fe元素含量之间相关性均为显著或极显著。马铃薯块茎的薯皮和芽眼周围比薯肉部位含有更丰富的矿质元素,其矿质元素的综合利用更值得研究。In order to further study the distribution of mineral elements in different parts of potato tuber and improve the comprehensive utilization value of potato,the contents of dry matter and seven minerals in nine parts of tuber were measured by using the Flame atomic absorption spectrometry and Acid dissolution-flame photometry national standard methods in the sprout、skin and flesh of three potato varieties were analyzed.The results showed that when peeling by hand with a peeling knife,peeling off the skin of potato excluding sprout eye accounted for an average of 8.83% of the weight of potato tuber;the contents of Dry matter,K,Ca,Mg,Zn,Mn,Cu,Fe in the fresh weight were 107.89~236.39 g/kg,2.32~6.50 g/kg,11.36~237.41 mg/kg,38.56~105.79 mg/kg,3.03~16.46 mg/kg,0.94 ~3.32 mg/kg,1.12 ~2.22 mg/kg,6.43 ~51.31 mg/kg,respectively,and in different parts of three potato varieties,The contents of K,Ca,Mg,Mn and Fe all in the order of skin>sprout eye>flesh,the contents of Zn and dry matter all in the order of sprout eye>flesh>skin,and the content of Cu in the order of sprout eye>skin>flesh.There was a certain positive correlation between different mineral elements,except that the correlation between the mineral element content of the bottom skin and the top and annulus region flesh was not significant,the correlation between the mineral element content of the other different parts was significant or extremely significant.The skin and sprout eyes area of potato tubers are richer in minerally nutritious than the flesh,There-fore,the skin and sprout eyes researches are worthy to be performed to address the comprehensive utilization of flesh mineral nutrition.

关 键 词：马铃薯 块茎 芽眼 薯皮 薯肉 矿质元素 分布 

分 类 号：TS201.26[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]