我国学前教育专业艺术类课程的变迁与走向  

The Developmental History and Trend of Arts Courses in Chinese Preschool Education Major

作　　者：郭敏[1,2] 崔佳慧[2] 徐子毅 GUO Min;CUI Jiahui;XU Ziyi(Faculty of Education,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710062 China;School of Education,Hainan Normal University,Haikou 571158 China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学教育学部,西安710062 [2]海南师范大学教育学院,海口571158

出　　处：《学前教育研究》2023年第3期26-37,共12页Studies in Early Childhood Education

基　　金：海南省高等学校科学研究项目“海口市城区幼儿园布局规划与调整的研究”(编号:Hnky2019ZD-14);海南师范大学教育教学改革研究项目“专业认证背景下本科学前教育专业建设与改革的实践研究”(编号:hsjg2020-02)。

摘　　要：我国学前教育专业不论培养层次都开设了艺术类课程,且占比不小,其质量在一定程度上决定了我国学前教育专业质量。为呈现我国学前教育专业艺术类课程的发展脉络,本研究对32名不同历史时期学前教育专业毕业的幼儿园教师进行了深度访谈。结果发现,受国家相关政策和学前教育专业认证、专任教师自身艺术学科背景、学前教育研究进展等的影响,我国学前教育专业在不同历史时期对其艺术类课程进行了一定的调整,不过整体表现出凸显技能学习、以示范和练习为主的特点,对学生的学习要求基本未变,学习成本只增不减,虽然在幼儿园教育实践中的应用价值得到基本肯定,但是学生艺术素养不足的弊端日益显现。今后我国学前教育专业艺术类课程应着眼于将来学生如何支持幼儿发展改革其课程内容与教学方式,通过体现“学前性”和“师范性”确立其在学前教育专业课程体系中的独特价值。Preschool education major in China generally requires students to learn some arts courses.It’s essential that such courses have effect on the quality of the major.To describe the developmental history of arts courses in Chinese preschool education major,this study took 32 kindergarten teachers who graduated from different periods’preschool education major as research objects.It found that arts courses in different periods all highlight students’learning of artistic skills,and the learning requirements are the same;the teaching strategies are mainly demonstration,and the learning strategies are based on practice while learning costs increase gradually.Although the courses’practical value in kindergarten has been recognized,students’deficiency in artistic literacy is more and more obvious.The implementation of arts courses is influenced by national policies,preschool education professional certification,full-time teachers’background of art discipline and research progress in preschool education.In future,arts courses of preschool education major in China should focus on students’professional developmental need when they graduate from college and work with children in kindergarten.At that time,students need artistic literacy rather than skills to promote children’s comprehensive and creative development.Only by highlighting and meeting students’such need,could arts courses establish its special value for preschool education major.

关 键 词：艺术类课程 学前教育专业 艺术技能 艺术素养 

分 类 号：G652[文化科学—教育学] J0-4[艺术—艺术理论]