拔尖创新人才早期培养的国际经验  

International Experience in Early Cultivating of Top-notch Innovative Talents

作　　者：课题组 白学军[2] 刘颖[2] 卢柳柳 吕佳 刘羽 郭秀丽 程塨禄 谢岩枫 单一鸣 冯萌萌 张兴利[3,4] 王永丽 BAI Xuejun;ZHANG Xingli;LIU Ying;LU Liuliu;LV Jia;LIU Yu;GUO Xiuli;CHENG Gonglu;XIE Yanfeng;SHAN Yiming;FENG Mengmeng;WANG Yongli(Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education,Academy of Psychology and Behavior,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387;CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science,Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101;Faculty of Psychology,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387;Tianjin Social Science Laboratory of Students’Mental Development and Learning,Tianjin 300387;Department of Psychology,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049;Research Division,Center for Education Management Information of the Ministry of Education,P.R.China,Beijing 100816)

机构地区：[1]不详 [2]教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地天津师范大学心理与行为研究院,天津师范大学心理学部,学生心理发展与学习天津市高校社会科学实验室,天津300387 [3]中国科学院行为科学重点实验室,中国科学院心理研究所,北京100101 [4]中国科学院大学心理学系,北京100049 [5]教育部教育管理信息中心研究处,北京100816

出　　处：《基础教育参考》2023年第4期3-21,共19页Basic Education Review

基　　金：教育部教育管理信息中心教育管理与决策研究服务专项2022年度委托课题“拔尖创新人才早期培养比较研究及其数据库建设”(编号:MOE-CIEM-2022019)。

摘　　要：拔尖创新人才是国家核心竞争力的关键,为培养符合国家发展要求的创新型人才,需要贯通拔尖创新人才早、中、后期的培养。很多国家在拔尖创新人才培养上已有丰富经验。通过梳理和比较美国、英国、法国等十个国家拔尖创新人才早期教育的培养体系、管理体系、支撑体系、评价体系,并分析这些国家拔尖创新人才中后期教育的国际经验,有利于为我国拔尖创新人才培养的具体实践提供参考。其中包括:加强政策引导,提供经费保障;统筹兼顾人才培养和教育公平;建立拔尖创新人才的多元选拔指标;构建纵向和横向贯通的培养体系;关注价值观教育,强调德才兼备;加强基础和应用研究支撑教育实践;实现专才和复合型人才培养的统一。综合而言,我国要加强对拔尖创新人才培养的重视,加快建设拔尖创新人才教育的完整体系,为2050年全面建成社会主义现代化强国打好人才基础。Since top-notch innovative talents are the key to national core competitiveness,it is necessary to go through the early,middle and late stages of cultivating top-notch innovative talents to cultivate innovative talents in line with national development requirements.Many countries have rich experience in cultivating top-notch innovative talents.By combing and comparing the cultivation system,management system,supporting system,and evaluation system of top-notch innovative talents early education in ten countries such as the United States,the United Kingdom and France,and analyzing the international experience in the middle and late education of these countries,this paper provides references for specific practice of China’s top-notch innovative talents cultivating,e.g.,strengthening policy guidance to provide fund protection,taking into account talents cultivating and educational equity,establishing multiple selection indexes of top-notch innovative talents,building a vertically and horizontally coherent cultivation system,paying attention to value education,emphasizing both virtue and ability,strengthening basic and applied research to support educational practice,achieving the unification of the cultivating of specialized talents and compound talents.In general,China should pay more attention to the cultivating of top-notch innovative talents,speed up construction of a complete system of top-notch innovative talents education,and lay a solid foundation for the building of a great modern socialist country by 2050.

关 键 词：拔尖创新人才 天才儿童 早期培养 天才儿童教育 贯通培养 

分 类 号：G51[文化科学—教育学]