谷物发酵制备富硒蛹虫草营养米糊的工艺配方研究  

Technology and Formula Study of Selenium-Rich Cordyceps militaris Nutritional Rice Paste by Grain Fermentation

作　　者：胡婷 汪舟扬 辛语 秦蒙蒙 岳雅玲 李从虎 HU Ting;WANG Zhou-yang;XIN Yu;QIN Meng-meng;YUE Ya-ling;LI Cong-hu(College of Life Sciences,Anqing Normal University,Anqing 246000,China)

机构地区：[1]安庆师范大学生命科学学院,安徽安庆246000

出　　处：《保鲜与加工》2023年第5期27-34,共8页Storage and Process

基　　金：安徽省科技厅项目(2108085QB51);2022年国家级大学生创新创业训练计划(202210372047X);皖西南地区生物多样性与生态保护省级重点实验室开放基金(Wsz202211)。

摘　　要：利用大米、小米、紫米和荞麦为基质进行蛹虫草固体发酵,采用氢化物-发生原子荧光法测定总硒含量,高效液相色谱分析基质中虫草素和腺苷含量,考马斯亮蓝和硫酸-苯酚法测定粗蛋白和粗多糖含量。在单因素试验的基础上,采用响应面法对营养米糊的工艺配方进行优化,以有机硒、虫草素、腺苷、多糖、蛋白质、感官评分为指标,对营养米糊的冲泡料液比和水温进行比较与分析。结果表明,蛹虫草菌丝能够在15 d完全侵染大米、小米、紫米和荞麦基质,总硒含量分别为(1.8±0.3)mg/kg、(1.7±0.4)mg/kg、(1.9±0.4)mg/kg和(1.7±0.5)mg/kg,其中硒形态主要为硒代蛋氨酸。谷物发酵基质中富含虫草素、腺苷、多糖和蛋白质。通过单因素试验确定发酵基质适宜干燥温度为50℃,干燥后富硒蛹虫草谷物基质的粒形完整、菌丝暴露表面呈金黄色。由单因素与响应面试验优化富硒蛹虫草营养米糊(以大米基质为例)的制备工艺配方为:富硒蛹虫草谷物基质添加量50.0%,奶粉添加量4.5%,冲泡水温80℃。该条件下制备的营养米糊富含蛹虫草特有清香,色泽诱人,口感香醇,丰富了米糊的加工种类。In this study,rice,millet,purple rice and buckwheat were used as substrates for solid fermentation of Cordy⁃ceps militaris,and the total selenium contents were determined by hydride generation atomic fluorescence method.The contents of cordycepin and adenosine in matrix were determined by high performance liquid chromatography,and the contents of crude proteins and crude polysaccharides were detected by coomassie bright blue and sulfuric acid-phenol methods.On the basis of single factor experiments,response surface method was adopted to optimize the technology and formula of nutritional rice paste using organic selenium,cordycepin,adenosine,polysaccharides,proteins and sensory scores as indicators,so as to compare and analyze the ratios of brewing material to liquid and water temperatures of nutrient rice paste.The results showed that the mycelia of C.militaris could completely infect the substrates of rice,millet,purple rice and buckwheat in 15 days,and the total selenium contents were(1.8±0.3)mg/kg,(1.7±0.4)mg/kg,(1.9±0.4)mg/kg and(1.7±0.5)mg/kg,respectively.The main form of selenium is selenomethionine.Grain fermentation substrates are rich in cordycepin,adenosine,polysaccharides and proteins.The optimal drying temperature of the sub⁃strates was 50℃determined by single factor experiments.The grain shape was intact and the exposed surface of mycelia were golden after drying.The preparation process and formula of selenium-rich C.militaris nutritional rice paste was op⁃timized by single factor and response surface tests as follows:selenium-rich C.militaris grain substrates addition of 50.0%,milk powder addition of 4.5%,and brewing temperature of 80℃.The nutritive rice paste prepared under these conditions was rich in unique fragrance of C.militaris,attractive in color and mellow in taste,which would enrich the processing types of rice paste.

关 键 词：米糊 杂粮 蛹虫草 发酵 基质 有机硒 工艺 

分 类 号：TS202.1[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]