藜麦蛋白肽的酶解制备及体外降血脂与降尿酸活性研究  

Enzymatic Preparation of Quinoa Protein Peptides and Its Lipidlowering and Uric Acid-Lowering Activity in Vitro

作　　者：钟婉滢 苗建银[1] 叶灏铎 马凤 胡一晨[2] ZHONG Wanying;MIAO Jianyin;YE Haoduo;MA Feng;HU Yichen(College of Food Science,South China Agricultural University,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods,Guangzhou 510642,China;Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Sichuan Engineering&Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industrialization,School of Food and Biological Engineering,Chengdu University,Chengdu 610106,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学食品学院,广东省功能食品活性物重点实验室,广东广州510642 [2]农业农村部杂粮加工重点实验室,四川省杂粮产业化工程技术研究中心,食品与生物工程学院,成都大学,四川成都610106

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2023年第23期156-166,共11页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：成都大学农业农村部杂粮加工重点实验室开放基金(2022CC011)。

摘　　要：为研究藜麦蛋白降血脂肽的最佳酶解工艺条件和降尿酸活性,本研究以藜麦为原料提取蛋白,采用胰脂肪酶抑制率为活性指标,通过单因素实验和响应面分析法优化降血脂肽的制备工艺,并对藜麦蛋白肽的胰脂肪酶抑制活性、牛磺胆酸钠结合活性、胆固醇酯酶抑制活性、黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制活性和氨基酸组成进行分析表征。结果表明,藜麦降血脂肽的最优酶解条件为pH1.6、酶解温度42.9℃、底物浓度3.03%、酶解时间1 h和酶底比0.2%,所得酶解液的胰脂肪酶抑制率理论值为90.43%,实际值为90.93%±0.10%。该条件下制备的最优酶解物表现出优异的体外降血脂效果,其胰脂肪酶抑制率和胆固醇酯酶抑制率的IC_(50)分别为7.49μg/mL和4.73 mg/mL,牛磺胆酸钠结合率的EC_(50)为0.53 mg/mL。此外,最优酶解物显示出良好的黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制效果(IC_(50)=5.97 mg/mL),表明其具有体外降尿酸的作用。氨基酸分析表明,藜麦蛋白肽的必需氨基酸含量丰富(34.23%),并且疏水性氨基酸和酸性氨基酸百分含量分别为34.11%和31.66%。藜麦蛋白肽具有较高的体外降血脂和降尿酸活性,这为藜麦蛋白肽的高值化应用提供理论依据。To study the optimal enzymatic hydrolysis conditions and uric acid-lowering activity of lipid-lowering peptides from quinoa protein,this study used quinoa as raw material to extract protein,and used pancreatic lipase inhibition rate as the activity index.The enzymatic hydrolysis process of lipid-lowering peptides was optimized by single factor experiment and response surface analysis.The pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity,sodium taurocholate binding activity,cholesterol esterase inhibitory activity,xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity and amino acid composition of quinoa protein peptides were analyzed and characterized.The results showed that the optimal enzymatic hydrolysis conditions of lipid-lowering peptides from quinoa were as follows:pH1.6,enzymatic hydrolysis temperature 42.9℃,substrate concentration 3.03%,enzymatic hydrolysis time 1 h and enzyme to substrate ratio 0.2%.The theoretical value of inhibition rate of pancreatic lipase was 90.43%,and the actual value was 90.93%±0.10%.The optimal enzymatic hydrolysates showed excellent effect of lowering lipid in vitro.The IC_(50)of pancreatic lipase inhibition rate and cholesterol esterase inhibition rate were 7.49μg/mL and 4.73 mg/mL,respectively.Meanwhile,the EC_(50)of taurocholic sodium binding rate was 0.53 mg/mL.In addition,the optimal enzymatic hydrolysates showed good xanthine oxidase inhibition effect(IC_(50)=5.97 mg/mL),indicating that it had the uric acid-lowering effect in vitro.Amino acid analysis showed that quinoa protein peptides were rich in essential amino acids(34.23%),and the percentage of hydrophobic amino acid and acidic amino acid were 34.11%and 31.66%,respectively.The quinoa protein peptides had high lipid-lowering and uric acid-lowering activities in vitro,which provided a theoretical basis for the high-value application of quinoa protein peptides.

关 键 词：藜麦蛋白 酶解工艺 降血脂肽 降尿酸活性 氨基酸组成 

分 类 号：TS201.1[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]