黑蒜类黑精提取、结构分析及功能活性研究进展  

Research progress on extraction, structural and functionproperties of black garlic melanoidin

作　　者：陈诺 黄晟 余静銮 王琴[1] 杨文华 李宇璇 段邓乐 CHEN Nuo;HUANG Sheng;YU Jing-Luan;WANG Qin;YANG Wen-Hua;LI Yu-Xuan;DUAN Deng-Le(College of Light Industry and Food Sciences,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology,Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food,Ministry of Agriculture,Academy of Contemporary Agricultural Engineering Innovations,Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou 510225,China)

机构地区：[1]仲恺农业工程学院轻工食品学院,广东省岭南特色食品科学与技术重点实验室,农业农村部岭南特色食品绿色加工与智能制造重点实验室,广州510225

出　　处：《食品安全质量检测学报》2023年第22期84-90,共7页Journal of Food Safety and Quality

基　　金：2021年省科技专项资金“大专项+任务清单”项目(B42320701);广东省普通高校青年创新人才项目(2021KQNCX029);广东省岭南特色食品科学与技术重点实验室项目(2021B1212040013);2022大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202211347005、X202211347171)。

摘　　要：黑蒜是由大蒜发酵产生的,因为发酵过程中的美拉德反应,让黑蒜含有大量的类黑精,类黑精的生物活性则让黑蒜拥有了更高的营养价值。近年来,类黑精的研究在国内外引起了极大的关注。然而,对黑蒜类黑精的提取、结构分析和功能特性的研究仍然很少。因此,本文对黑蒜类黑精的提取、结构和功能的研究进展进行综述,对黑蒜类黑精研究的现状和局限性进行了全面的总结和分析,以期为黑蒜类黑精潜在应用的进一步开发和探索提供有价值的参考和见解。类黑精的提取主要有水提法、有机溶剂提取法、尺寸排阻色谱法、大孔吸附树脂法等方法。而在结构方面,研究人员利用光谱和质谱技术研究了黑蒜类黑精的结构特征。黑蒜类黑精的功能特性则主要从其抗氧化活性、抗肥胖作用及其改善肠道微生物群的潜力等方面进行了探索。虽然在这些领域已经取得了重大进展,但对黑蒜类黑精的其他潜在功能活性的研究却很少,可以参照其他来源类黑精的研究朝着抗菌、抗肿瘤方向深入探索。Black garlic is produced by garlic,across the Maillard reaction in the fermentation process,so that black garlic contains a large number of melanoidins,melanoidin biological activity makes black garlic has a higher nutritional value.In recent years,the study of melanoidins has gained significant attention both domestically and internationally.However,there remains a scarcity of research on the extraction,structural analysis,and functional properties of black garlic melanoidin.Therefore,this article aims to narrate the extraction,structure,and functionality of black garlic melanoidin.This article provided a comprehensive summary and analysis of the current status and limitations of black garlic melanoidin research.It aims to offer valuable references and insights for the further development and exploration of black garlic melanoidin’s potential applications.The extraction methods for black garlic melanoidin encompass various techniques,including water extraction,organic liquid-liquid extraction,size exclusion chromatography,macroporous adsorption resin,among others.In term of structure,researchers have employed spectral and mass spectrometry techniques to investigate the structural characteristics of black garlic melanoidin.The functional properties of black garlic melanoidin have primarily been explored in terms of its antioxidant activity,anti-obesity effects,and its potential to improve gut microbiota.While significant progress has been made in these areas,there is a dearth of research on other potential functional activities of black garlic melanoidin.Drawing insights from studies on melanoidins from alternative sources,it would be worthwhile to explore the anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties of black garlic melanoidin.

关 键 词：黑蒜 类黑精 提取工艺 功能活性 化学结构 

分 类 号：TS201.2[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]