发酵法提取梨渣、姜渣和豆渣膳食纤维的分离纯化及表征  

Separation,purification,and characterization of dietary fiber extracted from pear residue,ginger residue and okara residue by fermentation method

作　　者：储兆琳 邱鹤翔 李振宏 穆冬冬 李兴江 洪泂[3] 吴学凤 CHU Zhao-Lin;QIU He-Xiang;LI Zhen-Hong;MU Dong-Dong;LI Xing-Jiang;HONG Jiong;WU Xue-Feng(Anhui Fermented Food Engineering Research Center,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Modern Processing,School of Food and Biological Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230601,China;Anhui Liduobao Biological Technology Co.,Ltd.,Suzhou 235300,China;School of Life Sciences,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230027,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学食品与生物工程学院,农产品现代加工安徽省重点实验室,安徽省发酵食品工程研究中心,合肥230601 [2]安徽梨多宝生物科技有限公司,宿州235300 [3]中国科学技术大学生命科学学院,合肥230027

出　　处：《食品安全质量检测学报》2024年第2期296-306,共11页Journal of Food Safety and Quality

基　　金：安徽省重大科技专项(202103b06020019);安徽省重点研发计划项目(202204c06020037);宿州市重大科技项目(2021054)。

摘　　要：目的采用发酵法提取果蔬渣膳食纤维,并对分离纯化后的膳食纤维进行结构表征。方法利用红曲霉发酵梨渣、姜渣和豆渣制备可溶性膳食纤维,采用离子交换层析柱和凝胶层析柱对制备的可溶性膳食纤维进行分离纯化,通过扫描电镜、气相色谱-质谱法和红外光谱等方法进行微观结构、单糖组成和官能团分析,并测定其热特性和抗氧化活性。结果红曲霉发酵后梨渣可溶性膳食纤维、姜渣可溶性膳食纤维和豆渣可溶性膳食纤维产量分别为6.28%、4.50%和7.69%;这些纤维的结构呈疏松多孔状态;主要的组成成分包括鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖、木糖、葡萄糖醛酸、葡萄糖和半乳糖;所有纤维样品在红外光谱图中4000~500 cm‒1范围内均具有多糖的特征吸收峰。此外,这3种果蔬渣可溶性膳食纤维表现出一定的热稳定性和抗氧化能力,其中姜渣可溶性膳食纤维的2,2’-联氮-二(3-乙基-苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐[2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)ammonium salt,ABTS]阳离子自由基清除率和1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由基清除率分别达到了86.65%和51.61%。结论红曲霉发酵制备的果蔬渣可溶性膳食纤维的各方面理化性质较为优异,在功能性食品领域具有应用潜力。Objective To extract the dietary fiber from fruit and vegetable residues by fermentation,and characterize the structure of the purified dietary fiber.Methods In this study,the soluble dietary fiber was prepared by the fermentation of pear residue,ginger residue and okara residue by Monascus.The soluble dietary fiber was separated and purified by DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B and Sepharose CL-6B.Then,the microstructure,types of monosaccharides,and functional groups were analyzed through methods such as scanning electron microscopy,gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,and infrared spectroscopy.The thermal properties and antioxidant activities were also measured.Results After Monascus fermentation,the yields of pear residue soluble dietary fiber,ginger residue soluble dietary fiber,and okara residue soluble dietary fiber were 6.28%,4.50%and 7.69%,respectively.The results of the scanning electron microscope showed that the purified components were looser and more porous in structure.These soluble dietary fibers were mainly composed of rhamnose,arabinose,xylose,glucuronic acid,glucose and galactose.In the infrared spectra within the range of 4000‒500 cm‒1,all fiber samples exhibit characteristic absorption peaks of polysaccharides.Additionally,3 kinds of soluble dietary fibers all had certain thermal stability and antioxidant capacity.The 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)ammonium salt(ABTS)cation free radical scavenging rate and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)free radical scavenging rate of the purified ginger residues soluble dietary fiber reached 86.65%and 51.61%,respectively.Conclusion The soluble dietary fibers from fruit and vegetable residues fermented by Monascus have excellent properties,and they have considerable potential for application in the field of functional foods.

关 键 词：可溶性膳食纤维 红曲霉 结构 抗氧化活性 

分 类 号：TS209[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]