羊肚菌硒化多糖结构表征及抗运动疲劳作用  

Structure Characterization and Anti-exercise Fatigue Effect of Selenium Polysaccharide from Morchella esculenta

作　　者：赵伟科[1] 杨逍然 王美华 ZHAO Weike;YANG Xiaoran;WANG Meihua(Dept.of PE,China University of Mining and Technology,Bei jing 100083,China;School of Chinese Materia Medica,Beijing University of Chin ese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)体育教研部,北京100083 [2]北京中医药大学中药学院,北京100029

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2024年第6期110-120,共11页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划中医药现代化重点专项(2018YFC1706801)。

摘　　要：目的:研究羊肚菌硒多糖的结构特征及其对运动疲劳大鼠的改善作用。方法:采用超声波辅助热水提取羊肚菌子实体多糖,经DEAE纤维素柱层析和葡聚糖凝胶G-100柱层析洗脱得到纯化多糖(Msp-1),采用硝酸-亚硒酸钠法处理纯化多糖得到羊肚菌硒化多糖(Se-Msp1),分别对Msp-1和Se-Msp1结构表征;通过力竭游泳试验测定大鼠的游泳时间,同时建立大鼠负重游泳模型,设置安静对照组、运动疲劳对照组、阳性对照组(红景天苷,100 mg/kg)、普通多糖组(Msp-1,100 mg/kg)、硒多糖低、中、高剂量组(Se-Msp1,剂量依次为50、100和200 mg/kg),灌胃体积0.1 mL/(10 g·bw),连续灌胃5周,检测大鼠体内血乳酸(blood lactic acid,BLA)、血尿素氮(blood urea nitrogen,BUN)、肝糖原(hepatic glycogen,HG)、肌糖原(muscle glycogen,MG)含量和骨骼肌线粒体中丙二醛(MDA)含量以及超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px)活性,评价Se-Msp1的抗运动疲劳作用。结果:羊肚菌多糖经分离纯化得到的最大组分为Msp-1,占比达到85.25%,红外光谱显示Se-Msp1的异头碳为α构型,且存在Se的特征吸收峰,表明Se-Msp1硒化成功,测得Se-Msp1硒含量为9.56 mg/g,多糖含量为56.34%,糖醛酸含量为36.82%,重均分子量3.482×10^(5) Da,粒径为384.71 nm,电位为-45.78 mV,说明Se-Msp1中硒含量较高且稳定性好,其由甘露糖、葡萄糖醛酸、半乳糖、半乳糖醛酸、半乳糖组成,摩尔比为1:0.42:3.57:3.34:1.86。抗疲劳结果显示,与空白对照组相比,Msp-1和Se-Msp1均极显著提高了大鼠力竭游泳时间(P<0.01),表现出较好的抗疲劳效果;运动疲劳模型结果显示,与运动疲劳对照组相比,Se-Msp1低、中、高剂量组大鼠HG和MG含量均极显著提高(P<0.01),BLA、BUN含量则极显著降低(P<0.01),骨骼肌线粒体中MDA含量同样极显著降低(P<0.01),抗氧化酶活性(SOD、CAT、GSH-Px)则极�Objective:To clarify the structural characteristics of seleniu m polysaccharides from Morchella esculenta,and their ameliorative effects on exercise-fatigued rats.Methods:Polysaccharides from Morchella esculenta were extracted using ultrasound-assisted hot water extraction.Purified polysaccharides(Msp-1)were obtained through DEAE cellulose column chromatography and Sephadex G-100 column chromatography.Nitric acid-sodium selenite method was used to prepare selenized polysaccharide(Se-Msp1)from purified polysaccharides.The structures of Msp-1 and Se-Msp1 were characterized.The swimming time of rats was measured by exha ustive swimming test,and the weighted swimming model was established at the same time.The rats were randomly div ided into quiet control group,exercise fatigue control group,positive control group(salidroside,100 mg/kg),normal polysaccharide group(Msp-1,100 mg/kg),and selenized polysaccharide low,medium,and high dose groups(Se-Msp1,50,100,and 200 mg/kg,respectively).The rats were o rally administered with 0.1 mL/(10 g·bw)for 5 weeks.The content of blood lactic acid(BLA),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),hepatic glycogen(HG),and muscular glycogen(MG),as well as malondialdehyde(MDA)content,superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activities in skeletal muscle mitochondria,were measured to evaluate the anti-exercise fatigue effect of Se-Msp1.Results:The major component of the purified polysacchar ides from Morchella esculenta was Msp-1,which accounted for 85.25%.Infrared spectroscopy showed th at the heteromeric carbon of Se-Msp1 wasαconfiguration,and characteristic absorption peaks of selenium were observed,indicating that Se-Msp1 was successfully selenided.The Se content in Se-Msp1 was 9.56 mg/g,the polysaccharide content was 56.34%,wi th uronic acid content of 36.82%,and the weight average molecular weight wa s 3.482×10^(5) Da,particle size of 384.71 nm,zeta potential was-45.78 mV,indicating that Se-Msp1 had a high selenium content and good stability.The mon osaccharide com

关 键 词：羊肚菌 硒多糖 结构特性 抗运动疲劳 骨骼肌线粒体 抗氧化活性 

分 类 号：R151.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]