双堆堆积影响酱香型白酒发酵的机理研究  

Mechanism of double pile accumulation affecting fermentation of sauce-flavor Baijiu

作　　者：牟真 王鼎 王雅彬 邱勇 罗爱民[1] MOU Zhen;WANG Ding;WANG Yabin;QIU Yong;LUO Aimin(College of Biomass Science and Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;Yifuchun Distillery Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610065,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学轻工科学与工程学院,四川成都610065 [2]宜府春酒业集团有限公司,四川成都610065

出　　处：《中国酿造》2024年第7期58-65,共8页China Brewing

基　　金：四川省科技重点研发项目(2022YFN0057)。

摘　　要：通过在酱香型白酒第六轮次高温堆积过程中,将两组堆子分别进行大堆和双堆堆积发酵,考察比表面积增大在酿造过程中对酱香型白酒的影响。结果表明,与单独大堆堆积相比,双堆堆积的方式提升了酱香型白酒基酒的质量。根据酒醅分析结果,双堆堆积方式由于具有更大的比表面积,更能富集环境中的微生物,从而改变了酒醅微生物多样性,提升了芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、克罗彭斯特菌属(Kroppenstedtia)、枝芽孢杆菌属(Virgibacillus)等对于酱酒生产具有积极影响的菌属的相对丰度。基酒分析表明,具有更大比表面积的双堆堆积能够全方位提高基酒中的酯类、醇类、酸类、醛类、酮类、四甲基吡嗪等物质的含量,其四甲基吡嗪含量达到1.82μg/mL,而大堆对照组中未检出。最终使得双堆组基酒酱香、焦香风味突出,酒体醇厚。In the process of the sixth rounds of high temperature accumulation of sauce-flavor(Jiangxiangxing)Baijiu,the large pile and double pile stacking fermentation of the two groups of piles was carried out,and the effect of increasing specific surface area on sauce-flavor Baijiu during brewing process was investigated.The results showed that compared with large pile stacking,double pile stacking improved the quality of sauce-flavor Baijiu base liquor.According to the analysis results of fermented grains,the double stacking method could enrich microorganisms in the environment because of its larger specific surface area,thus changing the microbial diversity of fermented grains.The relative abundance of Bacillus,Kroppenstedtia and Virgibacillus,which had positive effects on the production of sauce-flavor Baijiu was increased.The analysis of base liquor showed that the contents of esters,alcohols,acids,aldehydes,ketones and tetramethylpyrazines in base liquor could be improved by double pile stacking with larger specific surface area.The tetramethylpyrazines contents reached 1.82μg/ml,but was not detected in the large pile control group.Finally,the flavor of the base liquor of double pile stacking group was outstanding,and the liquor body was mellow.

关 键 词：酱香型白酒 双堆堆积 大堆堆积 比表面积 糖化堆积 基酒 挥发性风味物质 微生物群落 

分 类 号：TS261.3[轻工技术与工程—发酵工程]