世界首部法医学专著《洗冤集录》英译及西传考证  

A Textual Research on the English Translation and Western Transmission of the World’s First Monograph on Forensic Medicine Xi Yuan Ji Lu

作　　者：王珊珊[1] 王银泉[2] WANG Shanshan;WANG Yinquan(School of Humanities,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 102488,China;College of Foreign Studies,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学人文学院,北京102488 [2]南京农业大学外国语学院,南京210095

出　　处：《中医药文化》2024年第4期301-313,共13页Chinese Medical Culture

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目(17FZS039);北京中医药大学基本科研业务费“揭榜挂帅”项目(2022-JYB-JBRW-011);北京中医药大学岐黄英才计划——北京市青年教学名师培育计划项目(J2023C01)。

摘　　要：通过梳理《洗冤集录》外译的历史,纠正了若干长期以讹传讹和语焉不详的译本史实,聚焦汉学家翟理斯和马伯良译本的成书背景、翻译特点、传播效果等,同时讨论了中国典籍谁来译和怎么译的问题。研究发现,《洗冤集录》在英语世界的传播至少开始于1853年。1924年的翟理斯译本和1981年的马伯良译本为仅有的两个公开出版的英文全译本。翟理斯译本在西方影响很大,被公认为《洗冤集录》“最有影响、最具权威”的英译本,但是他采用了删减翻译法,底本是清代的一个衍生本。马伯良译本是迄今唯一依据《洗冤集录》原本翻译的版本,译研结合的翻译策略保证了译文的可靠性和信息完整性,极大地提升了其译本在西方的接受度。This article reviews the history of the translation of Xi Yuan Ji Lu(《洗冤集录》)and also corrects several long-standing misconceptions and inaccuracies regarding the historical facts of the translated versions of Xi Yuan Ji Lu.Focus is given to the versions by sinologists Herbert A.Giles and Brian E.McKnight by introducing the background,translation characteristics,and dissemination effects.In the meantime,discussions are made as to who can translate Chinese classics and how to translate them with a view to drawing lessons from history so as to explore current strategies for translating the traditional Chinese medicine into foreign languages.Research has found that the spread of Xi Yuan Ji Lu in the English-speaking world began at least in 1853.The 1924 English version by Giles and the 1981 version by McKnight are the only two complete versions.Giles’s translation has had a great influence in the West and is widely recognized as the“most influential and authoritative”English translation of Xi Yuan Ji Lu.However,his source language text is a derivative version in the Qing Dynasty and he used abridged method of translation.McKnight’s translation is the only version to date that is based on the original work of Xi Yuan Ji Lu.His translation strategy that combines translation and research ensures the reliability and completeness of the translated text,thus greatly enhancing its acceptance in the West.

关 键 词：《洗冤集录》 法医学 英译 翟理斯 马伯良 

分 类 号：R-092[医药卫生] H315.9[语言文字—英语]