纤维素酶改性油莎豆粕可溶性膳食纤维结构与功能研究  

Studies on Structure and Function of Cellulase-Modified Soluble Dietary Fiber from Cyperus esculentus Meal

作　　者：周龙珠 王朋 董双 王静 丁雪纯 杨娜 王金荣[1] 乔汉桢 甘利平 Zhou Longzhu;Wang Peng;Dong Shuang;Wang Jing;Ding Xuechun;Yang Na;Wang Jinrong;Qiao Hanzhen;Gan Liping(College of Biological Engineering,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001;State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding,Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193;College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193)

机构地区：[1]河南工业大学生物工程学院,郑州450001 [2]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所畜禽营养与饲养全国重点实验室,北京100193 [3]中国农业大学动物科学技术学院,北京100193

出　　处：《中国食品学报》2024年第7期241-251,共11页Journal of Chinese Institute Of Food Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1300300)。

摘　　要：以油莎豆粕为原料,通过复合酶法(α-淀粉酶、糖化酶和胰蛋白酶)提取油莎豆粕可溶性膳食纤维(SDF),采用纤维素酶对SDF进行酶解改性,优化纤维素酶酶解条件(酶添加量、酶解温度、酶解时间和酶解pH值),并比较改性前、后SDF含量、理化性质、结构特性和抗氧化能力。结果表明,纤维素酶改性的最佳工艺条件是:pH值为6.5,酶解温度40℃,酶添加量0.9%,酶解时间2.5 h,SDF含量由3.55%增至10.86%。通过观察超微结构发现,改性使纤维结构改变,衍射峰强度减弱,改善了其结构特性,同时微观结构特性也得到改善。此外,纤维素酶改性使油莎豆粕SDF的持水力、膨胀性和持油力较改性前分别提高了54.58%,43.73%,38.40%;SDF质量浓度在0.5~5 mg/mL范围,改性后SDF对1,1-二苯基苦基苯肼(DPPH)自由基、2,2’-连氮-二(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸),ABTS自由基和羟基自由基(·OH)的清除力显著提高,最高时分别达到42.87%,44.05%,41.46%,还原Fe^(3+)的能力在5 mg/mL时提高了1.25倍。本研究为进一步提升油莎豆粕的开发价值及其在食品和制药工业等方面应用提供参考。Utilizing Cyperus esculentus meal as raw material,soluble dietary fiber(SDF)was extracted from it using a composite enzyme method(α-amylase,glucoamylase and trypsin).The SDF was enzymatically modified by cellulase,and the enzymatic hydrolysis conditions of cellulase(enzyme addition amount,enzymatic hydrolysis temperature,enzymatic hydrolysis time,enzymatic hydrolysis pH value)were optimized.The content,physicochemical properties,structural characteristics and antioxidant capacity of SDF before and after modification were compared.The results showed that the optimum conditions for cellulase modification were as follows:pH 6.5,hydrolysis temperature 40℃,enzyme addition 0.9%,hydrolysis time 2.5 h,SDF content increased from 3.55%to 10.86%.By observing the ultrastructure,it was found that the modification changed the fiber structure,weakened the diffraction peak intensity,improved its structural characteristics,and improved the microstructure characteristics.In addition,cellulase modification increased the water holding capacity,swelling capacity and oil holding capacity of Cyperus esculentus meal SDF by 54.58%,43.73%and 38.40%,respectively.When the mass concentration of SDF was in the range of 0.5-5 mg/mL,the scavenging ability of modified SDF on 1,1-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl(DPPH)radical,2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS)radical,hydroxyl radical(·OH)was significantly improved.The highest values were 42.87%,44.05% and 41.46%,and the ability to reduce Fe^(3+)increased by 1.25 times at 5 mg/mL.This study provides a reference for further improving the development value of Cyperus esculentus meal and its application in human food and pharmaceutical industry.

关 键 词：油莎豆粕 可溶性膳食纤维 结构特性 理化性质 抗氧化能力 

分 类 号：TS201.2[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]