谷类膳食纤维改性及降胆固醇作用  

Modification of cereal dietary fiber and its effect on lowering cholesterol

作　　者：邢少娜 XING Shao-na(Shaanxi Energy Institute,Xianyang City,Shaanxi Province 712000)

机构地区：[1]陕西能源职业技术学院,陕西咸阳712000

出　　处：《粮食与饲料工业》2024年第4期42-46,共5页Cereal & Feed Industry

基　　金：陕西省教育厅专项科研计划项目(21JK0083)。

摘　　要：为提高谷类膳食纤维的降胆固醇效果,试验采用粗糙脉孢菌对黑米膳食纤维进行发酵改性,并对发酵工艺和发酵改性后的膳食纤维功能特性进行探讨。结果表明,在料液比为1∶0.7,发酵温度为29℃,发酵时间为132 h的条件下,发酵改性后的黑米膳食纤维素酶活力最佳,发酵效果最好;与未发酵的黑米膳食纤维相比,经发酵改性的黑米膳食纤维的持水力和吸水膨胀力分别达6.56 mL/g、5.03 g/g;在模拟胃内环境中,发酵改性的黑米膳食纤维对胆固醇的吸附能力达51.24 mg/g,在模拟小肠环境中的胆固醇吸附能力达58.76 mg/g,为未发酵改性黑米膳食纤维的2倍左右;动物试验表明,发酵改性的黑米膳食纤维表现出较好的降胆固醇效果。综上,发酵改性的黑米膳食纤维具有良好的功能特性和降胆固醇效果,具有一定的营养参考价值。To improve the cholesterol-lowering effect of cereal dietary fiber(DF),this study adopts Neurospora crassa to modify the black rice DF and then holds a discussion of the fermentation process as well as functional properties of fermentation-modified DF.The results indicate fermentation-modified black rice DF appears to have the most active cellulase and best fermentation effect in the following conditions:1∶0.7 material-to-liquid ratio,29℃fermentation temperature,132h fermentation duration.Compared with non-fermented black rice DF,the fermented one has 6.56 mL/g water retention rate and 5.03 g/g water absorption expansion ratio.According to the results,the fermentation-modified black rice DF could absorb cholesterol at a ratio of 51.24 mg/g in simulated intragastric environment and 58.76 mg/g in simulated small intestinal environment,being twice more efficient than the non-fermented one.Animal experiments suggest fermentation-modified black rice DF manifests satisfactory cholesterol-lowering effect.To sum up,the fermentation-modified black rice DF has beneficial functional properties and cholesterol-lowering effect,which may offer some reference for future nutrition research.

关 键 词：黑米 膳食纤维 料液比 发酵温度 发酵时间 纤维素酶活力 胆固醇吸附能力 

分 类 号：TS210.1[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]