基于LF-NMR研究双孢菇远红外辅助热泵干燥过程中水分迁移规律及品质变化  

Studies on Water Migration Rule and Quality Change of Agaricus bisporus during Far-infrared Assisted Heat Pump Drying Based on LF-NMR Technology

作　　者：高晓倩 刘瑞玲[2] 吴来春 孟祥红[1] 吴伟杰[2] 陈杭君[2] 郜海燕 Gao Xiaoqian;Liu Ruiling;Wu Laichun;Meng Xianghong;Wu Weijie;Chen Hangjun;Gao Haiyan(College of Food Science and Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,Shandong;Food Science Institute,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products,Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Vegetables(Co-construction by Ministry and Province),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province,Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Fruits and Vegetables,China National Light Industry,Hangzhou 310021;Wenzhou Mommy Home Catering Management Co.,Ltd.,Wenzhou 325401,Zhejiang;Zhejiang Agronomist College,Hangzhou 310021)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学食品科学与工程学院,山东青岛266003 [2]浙江省农业科学院食品科学研究所、农产品质量安全危害因子与风险防控国家重点实验室、农业农村部果品采后处理重点实验室、农业农村部蔬菜采后保鲜与加工重点实验室(部省共建)、浙江省果蔬保鲜与加工技术研究重点实验室、中国轻工业果蔬保鲜与加工重点实验室,杭州310021 [3]温州妈咪家餐饮管理有限公司,浙江温州325401 [4]浙江农艺师学院,杭州310021

出　　处：《中国食品学报》2024年第8期403-413,共11页Journal of Chinese Institute Of Food Science and Technology

基　　金：浙江省“三农九方”科技协作计划项目(2022SNJF029,2022SNJF032)。

摘　　要：为研究双孢菇远红外辅助热泵干燥过程中水分分布规律及品质变化,采用低场核磁共振及成像技术分别对干燥过程的双孢菇进行弛豫特性及质子密度成像分析,并研究干燥前、后双孢菇微观结构和品质的变化。结果表明:在热泵温度分别为45,55,65℃时,双孢菇到达干燥终点的时间分别为510,420,390 min。双孢菇的T2反演谱有3个不同的弛豫峰:T21(3~23 ms)、T22(25~155 ms)和T23(155~1084 ms),分别代表双孢菇中的结合水、不易流动水和自由水。干燥初期,T23左迁幅度很大,干燥后期,左迁幅度变小,随着干燥时间的延长,自由水的流动性降低。干燥结束时,T23对应的弛豫峰下降约99.8%,只剩下部分T21和T22对应的峰,说明自由水几乎被完全去除,双孢菇内仅剩结合水和少量不易流动水。低场核磁共振图像显示,65℃条件下,干燥360 min,水分基本被脱除,而55℃和45℃处理组分别在干燥390 min和450 min才基本脱除。双孢菇外侧的水分先被脱除,内部的水分向外迁移,并且温度越高,内部水分迁移速率越快。另外,65℃条件下的双孢菇的BI值分别比45℃和55℃条件下的BI低30.55%和22.69%,说明65℃更能维持双孢菇原有的色泽。65℃条件下干燥的双孢菇的抗坏血酸、总酚、总黄酮含量分别比干燥前下降84.62%,55.80%和36.78%,与45℃和55℃相比,65℃下双孢菇营养成分的损失最小。本研究表明低场核磁共振及成像技术为双孢菇干燥过程中水分的变化提供了直观的参考依据,也可为双孢菇的远红外辅助热泵干燥工艺优化干燥参数、提高产品质量提供理论参考。In order to clarify the role of low-field nuclear magnetic resonance and imaging techniques in the study of food water migration,and to study the drying characteristics,moisture distribution change pattern and quality changes during the far-infrared assisted heat pump drying of Agaricus bisporus,different heat pump temperatures(45,55℃and 65℃)were used to dry Agaricus bisporus,and the transverse relaxation time during the drying process was measured using low-field NMR technique,and the signal amplitude,peak area,MRI images and changes of microstructure and quality of Agaricus bisporus before and after drying were analyzed.The results showed that with the increase of heat pump temperature,the time to reach the drying end point of Agaricus bisporus was 510,420 min and 390 min,respectively.The drying rate of Agaricus bisporus increases rapidly at the early stage of drying,and then gradually decreases and tends to level off.Three different relaxation peaks could be seen from the T2 inversion spectrum:T21(3-23 ms),T22(25-155 ms)and T23(155-1084 ms),representing three different states of water:Bound water,less mobile water and free water,respectively.During the drying process,the moisture content gradually decreased and the degree of bonding of moisture gradually becomes higher,and at the end of drying,the relaxation peaks corresponding to T23 decreased by about 99.80%,leaving only some of the relaxation peaks corresponding to T21 and T22,indicating that the free water was almost completely removed and only bonded water and a small amount of non-flowable water remained.NMR images showed that the moisture was basically removed after 360 min drying at 65℃,while the moisture was basically removed after 390 min drying at 55℃and 450 min drying at 45℃.The moisture on the outside of Agaricus bisporus was removed first and the moisture on the inside migrated outward,and the higher the temperature,the faster the internal moisture migration rate.In addition,BI values at 65℃were 30.55%and 22.69%lower than those at 45�

关 键 词：双孢菇 远红外辅助热泵干燥 低场核磁共振 水分分布 品质 

分 类 号：TS219[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]